The Tang Bin Ningzhen Study

The Binning prefecture located in the northwest of Chang'an in the late Tang Dynasty on the war and military confrontation which plays back into the attack and defend the action,strategic position is very important. As one of the Western Provinces, it played a significant role in defending the frontier and the imperial court. But with the decline of the Tang Dynasty, the Binning town changed from the humble into the obstinate and unruly, and embarked on the road of rebellion finally. Tough the Binning prefecture which was near the capital had a great influence on political situation of the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the academic circles'research about it looked so weak. Now this thesis has done a general research into it to show it more overall and profound.This article includes five parts.The first chapter is introduction. Explain the reason of choosing the topic and comment on the research findings of our country and abroad, and then introduce the research approaches adopted briefly.The second chapter is the general situation of the Binning prefecture. Section I has mainly descript and analyzed the background of establishment and the evolution of administrative region. Then it also has drawn a table of previous governors in the Binning prefecture and rectified several mistakes of Tang Fang zhen Nian Biao. Finally, if has introduced several features of its previous governors. Section II has introduced the geographical condition. It has pointed out that the Binning prefecture played an important role in the middle-late Tang Dynasty just because of this condition. Section III has explained about the economic condition. Though admit its location advantage, we also have to recognize that the Tibet's aggression resulting in lack of stable production environment restricted to the development of economics. Due to the need of resistant to the Tibet, a large number of Fang qiu bing(防秋兵)stationed exacerbate the problem of grain and cotton supply. It became a predisposing factor for its instability. Section IV is about the military condition. Introduce the impact of the interlocking of different types of army layout and ethnic minority living together on this area.The third chapter is on the relation between the Binning prefecture and government. Section I has elaborated the control of the Tang government to the Binning province from the following five principles:the balance of strength among provinces in Guan zhong,the interlocking of armies in the former area,financial support in exchange for political support,Nan ya bei si(南衙北司)to encroach the Binning prefecture and seeking for easy control of governors'appointment. Section II has introduced and made a brief analysis about the Binning prefecture's four behaviors of intervening the central political. Section III has descript three rebellions in this prefecture, pointed out the slight difference between this three rebellions and analyzed briefly the relationship between the intervention in affairs of state and the rebellion.The forth chapter is on the relation between the Binning prefecture and other prefecture. Section I has discussed that the relationship among the Binning prefecture,the Shuo fang(朔方)prefecture and the other prefecture separated from the former. Section II has elaborated the changing process of the Binning prefecture that from cooperating with other prefectures to resist foreign aggression to becoming the accomplice of Fengxiang (凤翔)prefecture to interfere in affairs of state.The last part is conclusion of this thesis. This part has discussed briefly about the process of the Binning prefecture from the establishment to the differentiation, from the resistant foreign aggression and support the central government to making a political rebellion. With the extinction of Tang Dynasty, the Binning prefecture got out of the stage of history finally.