National Identity In The Conflict Of Gods Era

Why human beings will obey the rule? This is a basic problem that both jurisprudence and political theory must face, and the Weber 's theory of Legitimacy is the unique explanation to this question. Benefits from the translation and introduction and annotation of Parson's works, Weber, through discussion to the Legitimacy question, had received widespread influence in English academic circle, and inspired scholars to inspect the abilities of one country to gain the support from citizens in a positive science perspective. However, we can obviously find the deficiency of this kind of research: this way separates from background of Weber's thought, it seems to generalize Weber's theory on the surface, but in fact, it actually possibly decreases the thought depth of Legitimacy question, it is unable to reconsider researchers'own standpoints.Globalization does not build a sequence of values which are generally accepted, but it arouses intense controversies among values in different civilizations, all populism and religious fundamentalism have emerged one after one, the inner imperfections of Western civilizations have been revealed. Scholars are trying to sort out the nation-state formation through the process to diagnose the inherent pathology of modern civilization, and to explore the correct way. Weber, as his identity of pioneer of this work, has begun to be full of great importance. Weber's thoughts are put to the "Nation-State" system so that it can be understood in the framework of intellectual history. On one hand, scholars put Weber with Nietzsche, Marx, Hegel, Tocqueville, Rousseau, Hobbes, and even Machiavelli, try to find a place for Weber in the process of change of nation theory. On the other hand, scholars start with the era of German politics, look forward to understand the real purpose of Weber's political thought. For the two research paths above, the Weber's "Legitimacy" question is the topic of discussion which can not be bypassed either way. Weber's "Legitimacy" problem today is still able to arouse intense debates, this explains, "Legitimacy" problem is not only of theoretical significance but also is of practical significance.Inspired by the two paths above, this paper aims to explore the intention and context of Weber's"Legitimacy"question. For this reason, author focuses on the analysis of Weber's thoughts in tri-perspectives: In the first level, author puts the"Legitimacy"question under the political background of Germany at that time, tries to inspect the actual intentions of three legitimacy dominant categories aroused by Weber. In the second level, author puts the"Legitimacy"question under the background of the development history of European nation-state, tries to inspect the connection among legitimacy, legal rationalization, bureaucratic hierarchy expansion, and other issues. In the third level, author puts"Legitimacy"question under the context of "the struggle between gods" modern society, tries to discuss to what extent and how to rebuild legitimate foundation for common customs in the "death of God" historical context. The three perspectives go forward one by one, shows the intimate relations between individual anguish of Weber and political dilemma of Germany. That is to say, the complexities of Germany are facing this three levels crisis at the same times. The final point of this paper is that, Weber's"Legitimacy"problem, not only shows its deep careness to political and legal issues, but also helps us to understand the conplex connections between political and law better.