Advantages And Limits Of Deliberative Democracy

Representative democracy is a typical type of modern democratic political system and the main implementation of Liberal democratic theory in real politics. It is freedom, but not equality that consists of basic values of representative democratic. The concept of "democracy -first" in representative democratic often results in the conflicts of individual rights and rights protection decline, additionally the loss of citizen morality and public goodness, as well as the decline of public sphere. There are weaknesses of election, representative and vote. The "three disagreements" in representative mechanism results in "the firstly out-of-control" Majority principle and Preferences are encountered in vote mechanism. Election mechanism may lead to democracy deviation and bad consequence. Now one of the challenges faced by representative democracy is the rise of modern administrative states, which results in the "double defects" and the "double out-of-control".Deliberative democracy is the response of people seeking the way of representative democracy. It is a kind of democratic form and mechanism which can solve conflicts and helpful to raise citizen mortality and improve public goodness. Deliberative democracy enhances the development and prosperity of public space and domain by its theoretical features and system design. On one hand, deliberative democracy advocates Citizens' self-government by participation and discussion, on the other hand, it stresses that weak public domain contains strong public domain by participation and discussion, then realizes people's rights. Deliberative democracy solves the adversity of majority principle by preference conversion, which surpasses the form of "quantity" and converts to "quality", which compensates the defects of election mechanism. Deliberative democracy is helpful to form a new type relation of citizen-government. It advocates to refrain administrative rights by consulting in public domain. Moreover, deliberative democracy has the advantage of limiting reasoning, improving decisive quality and enhancing legal decisions.However, deliberative democracy has its limitations. It relies on the rising citizen society and public domain, requires citizen awareness and citizen ability to implement it, in addition, in the process of consulting, preference and false agreements may appear and the possibility of invalid consulting results exists.If we say deliberative democracy is the ideal flower of democratic theory, representative democracy would offer reality soil for democratic implementation. Democracy without consultation is easy-deteriorating and dissimilating, without deliberative democracy, democracy is unpractical. Combination of the two kind of democracy is the practical way for us to perfect democratic theory and develop democratic practice.