Cost Estimation About Collective Forest Tenure Reform Of Nanzhang County

Collective forest tenure reform start from 2003 is the fifth collective forest tenure reform after the founding of new China. It is considered to be the extension of household contract responsibility system from farmland to woodland, so it has a very important significance in both theory and practice. Thus it attracted many scholars'attention. Most studies considered that the economic and social effect of this collective forest tenure reform is visualizing gradually form the performance angle. However, Demsetz (1967) had reminded us that the benefits brought by property rights system reform must exceed the cost of pay, to prove this reform is correct. It has no significance to analysis the benefits or performances without cost.Based on the reality of Nanzhang county's collective forest tenure reform, form the cost angle, Using the data collected from the experimental villages and taking the way of points phases generalized by McCann (2005) for reference, this paper estimated the cost about collective forest tenure reform of Nanzhang county form forest property rights limits, forest property rights distribution and consultation and forest property rights implementation three aspects.Estimation results:the costs about collective forest tenure reform of Nanzhang county are 35.7525 million yuan at least; Forest property rights limits costs are 18.6175 million yuan,52.1% of the total costs. Among them measurement and drawing costs are 6.2362 million yuan,33.5% of the total limits costs, dividing boundary costs are 7.5045 million yuan,40.3% of the total limits costs, registration and filing costs are,22.8% of the total limits costs, other two items of limits costs take 3.4%. Forest property rights distribution and consultation costs are 8.6126 million yuan,24.1% of the total costs. Among them consultation costs in distribution are 3.1032 million yuan,36% of the total distribution and consultation costs, disputes mediation costs are 5.5094 million yuan,64% of the total distribution and consultation costs. Forest property rights implementation costs are 8.5224 million yuan,23.8% of the total costs. Among them propagandizing costs are 2.0256 million yuan,23.8% of the total implementation costs, maintaining costs are 3.5178 million yuan,41.3% of the total implementation costs, disposal costs are 1.845 million yuan,21.6% of the total implementation costs, in addition, training costs are 1.134 million yuan,13.3% of the total implementation costs.Based on the results above, this paper considered that:First, forest property rights limits costs is the core and key of collective forest tenure reform costs, take 52.1% of the total costs, which proved that the property rights limits costs of public resources are very high in property rights theory. They main include labor expenses and technology expenses. So the development of technology is very important for property rights limits.Second, for this collective forest tenure reform is basised on forestry "SanDing" in the 1980s, most work have been done during "SanDing" period, then the costs must be much more lesser than costs spended in 1980s. Basied on the results, we can infer that the costs of forestry "SanDing" are huge. Thus, we considered that one of the important reasons of the failure of forestry "SanDing" in the 1980s, is that the government cannot pay the costs sufficiently, causing the reform cannot conduct standardly and fairly and forest right conflicts cannot resolve.Thirdly, Thirty years of reform and opening-up enhanced the economic capabilities of our national greatly. People's lives are more richer. These provide a solid economic foundation for this collective forest tenure reform. Furthermore, as the income sources channels of the peasants increasing, they rely on single channel income sources less. This provides a good external condition for dispute resolution. These two points made important guarantees for the smoothly conducting of this collective forest tenure reform.