Characteristics, Models And Mechanism Of Manufacturing Enterprise Migrations Of Chinese Cities Since 1949

Since reform and opening-up, China is currently in the process of development and system transformation. At the same time, enterprise have been experiencing the adjustment of capital investment, industrial organization form, operation and management mode and so on. At this background, enterprise migrations in cities of China become an extremely universal phenomenon. Although the manufacturing enterprise migration has been one of the most popular academic focuses, the researches in microscopic depth still have a long way to go compared with some developed Western countries. Therefore, systematic research of enterprise relocation has important theory meaning and practical application value in guiding the development of interrelated cities.In order to carry out a systematic study on characteristics, models and mechanism of enterprise migrations in Chinese cities, several methods were used in this thesis, which includes theoretical methods, empirical analysis, literature induction, interview method and so on. The study firstly made a theoretical review and remark about enterprise migrations theories, and then analyzed the Chinese enterprise migrations during the administrative-oriented periods (1949-1978) and transition periods (1978-2010) respectively. The results showed that the models of manufacturing enterprise migrations of cities in China changed from the "Centripetal "pattern (government-oriented) to the combination of "Progressive" pattern and "Leapfrog" pattern.At last, the thesis took Lanzhou for example to exam the theory above. We found that the process of enterprise migrations in Lanzhou had experienced three stages, slowing growth (1949-1978), accelerated growth (1979-mid 1990s) and stable growth (mid 1990s to the present), during which it separately went through migration models of "Inward concentration", "Both inward concentration and outward disperse", "great-leap-outward disperse and concentrate in some regions".The results showed that high tech manufacturing, petrol chemical industry and nonferrous manufacturing gradually replaced the traditional machinery manufacturing, material intensive light industry and urban manufacturing with time, and the three former became the main industries which experienced migration in this process. Additionally, this research revealed that small scale enterprise (employee number<50) migrated more frequently than medium scale enterprise (50<employee number<100) during this transformation period. Besides, enterprise nature had a tendency of diversification while private enterprise and stock enterprise were the main groups in the enterprise migration.