Saving Program Of Sea Freight Of Iron Ore Around The Bohai Areas

With the rapid development of national economy in our country, our demand of steel is also showing rapid growth trend. Although financial crisis in 2008 have some effects on iron ore trade so that the trade of China's import of iron ore is decreased, with China's economy gradually out of the financial crisis, especially the effect of affordable housing construction in the future, will certainly enlarge the steel and iron ore demand. Our country is rich in iron ore resources, but because the relatively rich domestic most of iron ore in quality and quantity can't satisfy steel production demand and iron ore grade is bad, China needs to import so much iron ore annually. The interdependency of our country's foreign imported iron ore has risen from 38.6% in 2000 to 62.5% in 2010. At present, the monthly pricing mechanism has been accepted by China, so if you want to control the price of imported iron ore, the best way is to optimize the transport costs of imported iron ore. And 99% of China's imported iron ore are transported by sea, so how to optimize the sea freight of imported iron ore becomes the key of resolving the problem.This paper is considered comprehensively to optimize the sea freight of iron ore from many ways. At first, the sea freight of iron ore is primarily introduced. The composition of sea freight and the Baltic index also are expounded briefly, and the influence factors of sea freight of iron ore are analyzed. Subsequently, this paper analyzes the methods about how to optimize the sea freight of iron ore, and puts forward adopting various approaches to optimize the sea freight of iron ore, such as adopting the large tonnage ship to transport iron ore, using many chartering ways, establishing deep strategic alliance with ports and transportation enterprise and using FFA to avoid the risk of rising sea freight and etc. As the ship of 400000 tons of super large ore ship (VLOC) increasing and the completion of Qingdao port and Dalian port of 400000 tons shows that, in a few years, the number of iron ore importing Brazil to China will greatly increase, and it could be the key to optimize the sea freight of iron ore that how to construct the maritime network of iron ore transportation. Finally, according to the supply and demand for iron ore around the Bohai sea, the corresponding analysis of geography of steel enterprises and the ports around the Bohai sea, this paper analyzes the iron ore transport route between China and Brazil, maximum ton of unloading ports and transshipment ports, maximum ton which the routes can undertake and so on. Adopting unit cost as index, the paper carries on economic evaluation on ore transport network structure, thus optimizes ore transport network structure in China's Bohai circle areas, in order to decrease the sea freight of iron ore.