| China is rich of karst groundwater resources, which is an important part of water resources and plays a significant role in human social life and production, as well as the development of society. The Niangziguan spring water is not only one of the largest karst spring in northern China, but also one of the largest karst spring sin-arid and semi-arid regions in the world. The water flow is stable and concentrated, the water quality is good and underground regulation and storage capacity. The Niangziguan spring has great superiority in the water supply and is also the main water source for local industrial-class city life. With the change of the water environment and a variety of large-scale exploitation of water quality, the karst water quality is gradually deteriorated. Therefore, to carry out Niangziguan karst water protection is of great significance. Through collecting and analyzing the previous studies, and according to the hydrogeological conditions of the spring, this thesis:(a) on the basis of European approach to assess the water vulnerability and divides the protection zone;(b) carry out a indoor test to process the acidic water, the formation of acid mine water and the result after dealing with the acide water between its formation;(d) provide a reference to deal with the mine water before the caol mine closure.This study uses the fuzzy evaluation method and linear interpolation method to assess the vulnerability of thespringshed, and it overcome the defects of the European in the weights. Because of the difference between south China and north China in karst and the particularity of north Chinese karst, this study selects the thickness of unsaturated zone, the recharge intensity, the lithology of the unsaturated zone and the respone of spring on the basis the European approach. It uses uzzy evaluation method and linear interpolation method to assess the water velnerability and produce the vulnerability map. According to the result, and in order to protect the spring, the study divides the protection zone, such as the protection zone of spring source, first-grade protection zone, second-grade protection and other grade. The results show that:(a) the protection zone of spring source mainly refers to the exposed areas of Niangziguan spring;(b) the first-grade protection zone surrounds the springshed and the seepage area of wen river, tao river, nanchuan river, qingzhang river and the reservoir of youweng and dashimen;(c) the second-grade protection includes bare carbonate rock area and carbonate coverage area;(d) other grade protection is carbonate burial area.In addition, to carry out the indoor test, the study separately add (a)coal and lime,(b)coal and limestone,(c)coal to water, and we carried out this experiment about270days for opposite experiment. The results show that:(a)the SIC of the coal-water samples is lowest, it instructs that the Acid mine water without alkaline components has a longer time to dissolve the Calcite;(b) pH was decreased from12.31to 10.28for coal-limestone-water case after160days reacting, and the TDS, HB and SO42-began to lower than the other two cases, pH close to the other two cases;(c) treatment effect is better among160-220days and a certain of agitation is beneficial to "old kiln water" treatment;(d) this has a certain reference value to the management of "old kiln water". |
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