Design And Implementation Of The Multi-factor Automatic Weather Station System

With the rapid development of meteorology，there is a higher demand ofcomprehensive meteorological observation system in Modern meteorologicalbusiness. Many deficiencies are existed in the observation capabilities of the existingautomatic weather station, at the same time, these are the problems of backwardtechnology, the low accuracy of observing systems，difficult to achieve simultaneousmeasurement of multiple meteorological elements in the same system. On this basis,the paper presents the implementation of the new multi-factor automatic weather toultimately achieve high accuracy, high stability, easy to maintain excellentperformance, low power consumption, easy expansion, and real-time monitoring.The extended structural design of “the main collector+external bus collector+points+sensors+peripherals” is applied in the automatic weather stations with newelements. The main collector research and build the data acquisition system mainlybased on ARM9embedded system, sub-collector achieve the acquisition of the basicmeteorological elements based on the AVR microcontroller, and the real-timetransmission of the communication data via CAN bus with the main collector.The work carried out in this paper includes there parts. First of all, According tothe functional of multi-factor automatic weather’s requirements, hardware platform isbuild, and then the design of the module circuit of the main controller of theautomatic weather station system, data acquisition part and data transfer interfacepart is achieved. The design of this paper adopts a high-performance of CAN busembedded AT91SAM9263controller which can achieve the real-time requirementsof multiple sub-collector were attached to the main collector.Secondly, Analysisthe system’s functional of data collection, processing, storage, and then through thesoftware programming of the algorithm, processing the sampled data which fromdifferent sensors’s electrical signal is converted into the unit meteorological volume； The sliding average method, consistency check algorithm and the zero processingalgorithm processing sampling the instantaneous, and then storage the obtainedcorresponding of meteorological actual physical to database. In the developmentprocessing of system software platform, by cutting the part of kernel modules canreduce the power consumption of the system. Finally, for the realization of intelligentof the system and friendly human-computer interaction, to facilitate datamanagement and query functions, the terminal command operation, real-time datadisplay, sensor status, and serial communication settings are displayed to the userthrough real-time data management platform.