Study On Land Ecological Security In Longkou City

The land is the foundation of human survival and development, and safety landecosystems is the decisive factor for economic security and social stability. At present,scholars in our country have evaluated the land ecological security status of different hot areaswhich are the ecologically fragile areas in Western and typical zoons in the east. In fact, inrecent years, economic development has led to predatory exploitation of land resources, whichbring increasing land ecological security issues in the eastern areas, thus such ecologicalsecurity problems caused by human activity more urgent need to study.In this paper, taking the coastal city of Longkou City as the research object, trying to usethe emerging research ideas, selecting ecosystem services value and ecological risk index asthe evaluation indexs of land ecological security, with the support of RS and GIS, the authorhas analyzed their temporal-spatial changes of different scales such as grid units andadministrative units by joint Chinese-German technical project （2007DFB70200） andShandong provincial natural science foundation （Y2008E10）. The main research contents andresults are as follows:（1） The total land area of Longkou City is 90104.8 hectares. In 2004 the ratio ofagricultural land, construction land and other land were 73.86%, 19.98% and 6.16%respectively; in 2008 the three rates were 72.73%, 20.38% and 6.89%.Whether in 2004 or in2008, the ratio of garden plot is highest in the rankⅡland types, followed by the cultivatedland, and the other construction land had the smallest percentage. The areas of some kind ofland types increased, and the rest of land types decreased. 2004 2008 , the land types whichareas increased were other agricultural land, traffic land and natural reserve, and other typesreduced in different degrees.（2） In Longkou City, the value of ecological services for the unit area was 2216.6 yuanper km^-2 in 2004,and was 2896.1 yuan per km^-2 in 2008; the valu in 2008 increased 679.5yuan per km^-2than the value in 2004, with the growth of 30.65%; in 2004 and 2008 themaximum value were distributed in Southern Hills, rivers or lakes, and the minimum valueswere distributed in the coastal ports and the size of the urban and rural construction land; the percentage of forest ecosystem services value of grassland, farmland, wetland, water, difficultto use land and garden plot accounted the total value in 2004 respectively for 23.18%, 1.06%,11.03%, 8.25%, 16.49%, 0.81% and 39.17%, and respectively 23.41%, 2.22%, 11.48%,3.80%, 18.21%, 0.87% and 40.02% in 2008; 2004 2008, the towns or streets in LongkouCity whose percentage of land ecosystem service value decreased were Longkou economicdevelopment zone and the town of Xu Fu, with the decreasing value respectively 3.86% and1.51%, and the percentageof change of the rest towns and streets showed ascendant trend,with the biggest digital 1.87% in the town of XiangDingjia.（3） From 2004 to 2008, in Longkou City most of the regions’ability to resist risks ofland ecological system had increased in small amplitude or decreased medium substantially.The regions whose ability had increased in small amplitude distributed relatively uniform,relatively continuous in various regions;the regions whose ability had decreased mediumsubstantially distributed relatively concentrated, spotty or spot-like, around the settlements inthe north-central plains or in the protruding parts of the mountain ridges in the southern hillyareas.The regions whose ability had more substantial increased in more substantial distributedin the city and coastal port area. Greater resilience weakened zone has three largeconcentrated distribution areas: the Northern coastal region, Southern and Western Suburbs ofthe city. In general, whether in 2004 or in 2008, the towns or streets whose land ecologicalrisk indexs were high had common characteristic: the economy is relatively developed, theareas of cultivated land, traffic land, industrial land were larger, and the areas of garden,woodland were smaller. The common features of the towns whose land ecological risk indexswere low were on the contrary.（4） 2004 2008, Longkou City more than half of the area belongs to mild deteriorationarea of the ecological safety, accounted for 63.07%; severe deterioration area and maintainedarea differs not quite, respectively, accounted 16.48% and 16.41%; the area of ecologicalsafety improvement is relatively small, in which minor improvement area accounted for1.70% and substantially improvement area accounted for 2.35%. Overall, in Longkou City thearea of deterioration district accounted for 79.55%, enhancement area accounted for 4.05%,holding area accounted for 16.41%. In view of this, the situation of land ecological security inLongkou City was getting worse. In 2008, in Longkou City the land ecological security values of every towns or streets were lower than the value in 2004 of their own, which descriptedthat the situation of land ecological security of each town or street from 2004 to 2008 werereduced in varying degree. Among them, the town of Xu Fu is the town reduced to the mostserious, 29.84% reduction, and the rest of towns reduced the level of high than 20% werethe town of Dongjiang and economic development zone, respectively 22.54% and 22.78%;most of the other towns, ecological security of land decreased between 10% 20%; the townof QiJia and ShiLiang reduced 8.68% and 8.98%, respectively, close to 10%, which were thetwo towns whose land ecological security reduced smallest. Overall, in Longkou City the stateof land ecological security is going downhill, the situation is not optimistic.