| Our country’s energy consumption structure is dominated by coal and industrial structure and layout is not rational, makeing our urban air pollution remain at high levels, motor vehicle exhaust emissions increase city in nitric oxide and aerosol pollution is aggravating trend. Build atmospheric pollutants emission inventories can master the basic condition of the pollutants, providing basic input data for air quality model and emissiuction plans. In this paper, the author tries to use estimation method which is based on observation data and adjoint method to invert atmospheric pollutants emission inventories.First, NOx produced by lightning and the distribution of NO2emission in each province was inverted with lightning location material and OMI satellite data, respectively. The results indicate that lightning occurred more frequently in July and August and mainly in Guangzhou and Wuhan. LNOx mainly distributed in25°N-40°N and105°N-125°E. The quantity of LNOx in Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Chongqing, Changsha, Nanjing and Nanchang are higher than those in the other regions, and the maximum could reach up to1.23×107g each grid. August saw the highest yield while the second highest was July. Furthermore, the seasonal characteristics of the distribution of LNOx were obviously, and the percentages of spring, summer, autumn and winter were4.8%,89.4%,5.3%and0.5%respectively. LNOx mainly located at Guangzhou area in spring while in summer it moved to north, and became wide and strong. The distribution area decreased in autumn and the maximum occurred at Guangzhou. In winter, the quantity of LNOx decreased significantly with its maximum occurred in the southwest of Wuhan.Satellite data shows that high value of NO2vertical column concentration area focus on beijing-tianjin-hebei region, Yangtze river delta and pearl river delta. The secondary high value area appears in Sichuan, Chongqing, west of Hubei and north of Xinjiang (around urumchi) areas. A highest NO2emmission areas are Henan, shandong, shanxi, hebei, Jiangsu province.The invert mothod by observation data can tell the emission of NOx in a certain extent. But the accuracy of this method greatly depends on the accuracy of the observation data which makes the accuracy of the results limited.In addition, adjoint method was also tried in this paper. It is a kind of "top-down" method of emission inversion which is based on atmospheric chemistry model. It fully considered the patterns in the physical and chemical process, and can not only analysis all input parameter sensitivity effectively, but also analysis sensitivity between emission and concentration and inverse emission with observation data of pollutant concentration. First, we developed adjoint model of the aerosol module of a atmospheric chemistry model called GRAPES_Cuace. After checking the correctness of the adjoint model, we did numerical simulation experiment and sensitivity analysis between emission and concentration of black carbon emission in Beijing urban (Nanjiao site) and suburbs (Shangdianzi site) sites in January, April, July and October,2010. |
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