Study Of Victim Behavior And Emergency Management In Natural Disaster Under Sudden Situations

With the frequent outbreaks of emergencies and the increasing losses due to various disasters, emergency management has become one the hottest and most challenging issues for governments at all levels and the public. Looking back on rescues during earthquakes in recent years, we can see that the focus of all efforts is on fast and effective external rescues in the wake of disasters. Recent studies are mainly concerned with pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster relief.Emergency management does not only refer to emergency reaction on the part of the government, but that on the part of victims. Victims are the subjects of emergency management, whose state during the disaster has a strong impact on the effect of emergency rescue. Over-fear may reduce the cognition of the victims and hamper their behavior, leading to abnormal individual behavior. On the contrary, calmness may reduce the individual panic and help the victims make effective escapes, thus enhancing victims’ability to cope with emergency and minimize the casualty. For the moment, although several scholars has embarked on the study of individual psychological behavior in the course of disasters, there remain some unresolved questions, including insufficient theoretical study and lack of systematic ity, especially scarce studies on factors influencing behavior during disasters. Therefore, this study attempts to lay a basis for real-time rescue on the part of victims and provide suggestions for governments to formulate emergency management policies, so as to minimize mortality and property losses.Aiming to minimize real-time losses, this study, taking rules in victims’individual psychological behavior during natural disasters as the supporting point, focuses on analyzing individual psychological and behavioral characteristics and factors when disasters break out The paper begins with a summary of the definition and features of emergent natural disaster as well as a panorama of emergency management cases in China. Then, on the basis of environment stress theory, motivation and need theory, risk cognition theory and other theories relevant to group psychological behavior, the paper proposes the theoretical framework of victim panic behavior in emergency to analyze in detail the inner mechanism of such behavior and then categorize the individual behavior according to the degree of panic. Finally, the paper, based on the theoretical analysis, finds out the factors in panic behavior and builds the Logit regression model for an empirical study. Findings of this study are as follows:the age, educational level, sense of control, the persistence of disaster events, social support factors have a significant impact on individual behavior in the natural disaster. Based on the above findings, the paper provides suggestions to optimize individual behavior decision-making.