The Research On Preparation Of Carbon Microspheres In Using Waste Cotton Fibers

Abandoned textile were mostly disposed as garbage, the recycled is very little, which results in a serious waste of resources and environmental pollution. In abandoned textiles, cotton and cotton fiber textiles accounted for more than a third, moreover, the way of recycling waste cotton textiles are mostly confined that cotton fiber are cut or broken, then by re-processing, some low-additional value products are produced, which hinders the establishment of the industrial chain of the waste textile recycling. Carbon microsphere is a new carbon material having excellent physical and chemical properties. It can be used as high-strength carbon materials, Nano composants, additives making by functional fibers and so on. It has a broad application prospects and great potential for development. Cotton fiber is a good kind of materials for carbon microspheres preparation.This article describes a method of hydrothermal using waste cotton fibers as carbon source and preparing carbon microspheres by carbonizing the cotton fiber under high temperature and high pressure.Furthermore, in order to gain better-looked carbonized products, here we control experimental parameters like reaction time, reaction concentration, temperature and so on. The test shows that not only carbon materials can be prepared through the method, but also the material has very rich functional groups in the outer surface, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, etc. In addition, in order to gain better-looked carbon materials, here we treat the carbon materials prepared by hydrothermal method under high temperature; In order to make a further investigate in carbonation mechanism of cotton fiber, here we use glucose as carbon source and prepare carbon microspheres by hydrothermal method, coming to the following conclusions:(1) The surface of carbon microspheres prepared from cotton fibers is rich in functional groups, and the reaction condition is generally controlled at temperature300℃～320℃, time8～10h, concentration20～30g/L.(2) The active groups in the surface of cotton fiber carbonized carbon microsphere have not been damaged after high temperature treatment, and, to some extent, the degree of crystallinity of the carbon microspheres can be improved, which makes the morphology of the carbon microspheres a great improve.(3) Treating glucose under hydrothermal process can obtain small particle size and uniform distribution carbon microspheres. The carbon microspheres gained from glucose and cotton fiber have almost the same crystal structure and surface active groups.(4) Making the carbonized mechanism of cotton fiber clear, and pointed out that H3O+plays an importance role in the carbonization and hydrolysis of cotton fiber.