Economic Survey And Development Strategies For Local Communities In Core Zone Of Zhalong Nature Reserve

As the concept of biodiversity conservation has been widely accepted, The construction of nature reserves develops flourishingly in the world. But the economic development of communities around mature reserve is restricted by nature reserve to some extent, as a result, there is continuous conflict between community and nature reserve, so the key that whether or not the structure and management of nature reserve is supported by communities is how to promote economic development of communities effectively.This paper started form the relationship between the economic development of communities around nature rsseve and the effective management of nature reserve, we summarized the research processes of communities around nature rsseve and the cognition degree of economic development. The communities of core zone in Zhalong National Nanture Reserve was choosed for the object of study, We investigated the lbasic population information of local residents, the per capita income status, debt and obligatory right situation etc. by the way of questionnaire survey and interviews, secondary data collection etc. Social economic status and family per capita income and expenditure structure were analyzed comprehensively, and then the income gap among households was analyzed quantitatively, Based on the above analysis, we expected to provide reference to promte the economic development of communities around Zhalong Nature Reserve.The results showed that:(1) By2009, there were5396people in1528households in all,spread in13villages, and244households lived in Zhalong Township, Tiefeng District, Qqhar City,1284households lived in Lindian county and Dorbod Mongolia Autonomous Count, Daqing City.(2) In2010, the average net income per capita in the core zone communities was6,807.8yuan, which was more than that in Qiqhar City less than Daqing City. The main economic sources of income included:growing crops, harvesting reed and forage, aquaculture, fishing, labor exporting etc.(3) In2010, the per capita expenditure in the core zone communities was7,668.0yuan, which included:living expenses, educational expenses, health care expenditure, human relationship expenses and production expenses etc.(4) In2010, the Gini Coefficient of households in core zone of Zhalong Nature Rezerve was0.563, which meaned that the income of more than half of household was in low and middle level, the income gap among households was remarkable.(5) Through reckoning, the average per obligatory right of communities in core zone was161.3yuan, the average per debt was1,151.3vuan.Based on the comprehensive analysis, the problems of economic development in communities of core zone in Zhalong Nature Rserve were summarized:Single industrial structure, low income; Significant income gap among households; Poor infrastructure, low science and technology; Ecological environment tended to degraded, irrationally utilizing natural resources; illegal tourism activities; lacking of effective cooperation mechanism between communities and nature reserve etc. Suitable suggestions were put forward as followed:(1) propaganda and education should be strengthened to change the traditional idea of communities.(2) the industrial structure should be adjusted and new sustainable points for economic growth should be fostered.(3) vocational training in various forms should be strengthened and employment channels should be expanded.(4) The nature reserve should take an active part in communities management, the economic of communities around nature reserve should maintain a sound development by community co-management and formulating a scheme which nature resources can be sustainable utilized.