| Zhalong Nature Reserve is the largest wetland ecosystem of national nature reserve, which is also the breeding areas of red-crowned cranes and other rare waterfowl, and an important stopover for migratory birds. Due to the change of natural environment and the influence of human activity, Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological system has been destroyed deeply, and its ecological function continues to decline. To protect Zhalong Nature Reserve and restore its ecological environment, in this paper, we point out that the value of lakes, reservoirs and reed swamps area are an important part of the ecosystem services value of Zhalong Nature Reserve on the basis of assessing ecosystem service value of Zhalong Nature Reserve in detail. In connection with Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological restoration, we put forward a program of Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological restoration plan mainly considering the repair of lakes, reservoirs and reed swamps of Zhalong Nature Reserve, which is filling water targeted for Zhalong Nature Reserve targeted on the basis of the existing water conservancy project.The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1) According to 13 periods of land utilazation type area data of Zhalong Nature Reserve in 1986-2010 years, we calculated the value changes of ecosystem service value of Zhalong Nature Reserve based on the per unit area yield factor evaluation method. The calculation results show that the largest ecosystem service value of Zhalong Nature Reserve is 85.1246 hundred million in September,2010, and the minimum ecosystem service value of Zhalong Nature Reserve is 78.4534 hundred million in April,2002. Combined with the actual situation that Zhalong Nature Reserve have been destroyed and water conditions in the 24 years, we analyzed the main reasons those cause the ecosystem service value changes of Zhalong Nature Reserve. Besides, by calculating the sensitivity index of ecological value coefficient, we studied the different influence of land uitilization types to the ecosystem services value in Zhalong Nature Reserve.(2) According to Zhalong Nature Reserve ecosystem service functions, using the per service function price evaluation method, such as market value method, shadow engineering method, travel cost method, the carbon tax method and so on, we calculate the ecosystem service value of Zhalong Nature Reserve in September,2010. The calculation result is 52.1335 hundred million. The results showed that the value of the water conservation function is the highest value among all the ecosystem service functions value, and the proportion of the total value of is up to 82%. Then, the value of climate regulation function and leisure and entertainment are the higher value, followed by the value of material production function. The value of water purification function, biodiversity function and research and education function are the lowest.(3) One the main measures of Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological restoration is reed marshes and lakes and reservoir area repair. Water resource is the upstream Nierji reservoir. On the base of Nierji reservoir optimal operation, through the first phase of diversion Nen river and extension in Heilongjiang province, make full use of flood season resources for Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological filling water. The results showed that for many years the average amount of water for Zhalong Nature Reserve is 7.14 hundred million m3, which is greater than the suitable ecological water demand 5.71 hundred million m3. That is to say, we can realize the purpose of Zhalong Nature Reserve ecological restoration by this way.Finally, we summarized the whole paper and prospected the further researchs of ecosystem service value assessment and ecological restoration. |
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