| In various kinds of artificial lift means, sucker rod pumping is one of the traditional oil production methods of world petroleum industry, and is applied earliest and widest. It always plays a dominant role in artificial lift ways so far, and also plays an important role in petroleum production of our country. Sucker rod pumping is the main recovery method in petroleum industry. With the oilfield development in depth, the production cost is increasing year by year, carrying out the sucker rod pumping system energy consumption and energy-saving technologies has great practical significance to the oil field.Energy consumption of sucker rod pumping system is a complex and complicated issues. Theoretical study and practical results show that, there is a close contact between the energy consumption and the system efficiency of the rod pumping. In general, system efficiency is higher when the energy consumption is smaller. System efficiency is lower when the energy consumption is greater. System Efficiency of Pumping Unit Wells is an important economical technology index in the measurement of the oilfield development. System efficiency reflects the general level of sucker rod pumping technology. There are many factors influencing system efficiency in the practical production, which mainly include formation factors, equipment conditions, management levels and other constraints. Sucker rod pumping system transforms the electric energy on the ground to the mechanical energy through related transmission equipments, and lift liquid to the ground from wells. There are energy losses in every subsystem of the whole system. Energy consumption is increasing and system efficiency is decreasing through several links. As the statistical data showing, the average system efficiency of beam pumping units in our country is about21%, and some wells even lows to3.2%. The average system efficiency of Shanan Oilfield is only16.2%, which is far lower than the national average level. The average system efficiency of pumping wells in American California is28.7%. Now the national level of the system efficiency is about of the eighties in last century of America. The lately data of foreign countries shows that, the system efficiency of beam pumping wells has been higher than that of electric submersible pumping wells. System efficiency of beam pumping wells can reach to over40%. The system efficiency of the long-stroke rod pumping can even reach to more than50%. Clearly, the sucker rod pumping system efficiency of China still lags far behind the foreign advanced level. There is still great potential energy-saving space. Therefore continue to study sucker rod pumping system to improve the overall level of the rod pumping technology is bound to generate huge economic benefits. Low efficiency of pumping wells system has affected the development of the entire oil industry. So how to improve the efficiency of beam pumping system and to achieve energy saving is an imminent task.Shanan Oilfield has entered the high water cut development stage in recent years. Oil production costs are increasing year by year and the energy loss is serious. The difficulty of production management is growing. To carry out energy saving measures vigorously and to reduce oil production costs effectively have become one of the urgent tasks. So we should strive to improve the efficiency of the pumping system and do a good job of saving energy work.The study shows that there is great potential energy efficiency and large space for improvement of system efficiency in Shanan Oilfield pumping wells. Through the research of system energy consumption and energy saving technology to improve modernization of equipments and operating efficiency, it is of great practical significance for stable production, energy-saving, reducing costs, to extend the life of the system and to improve development efficiency.This paper is based on the testing and analysis of beam pumping system. It carries out researches to improve the efficiency of the system and the main factors affecting the efficiency of the pumping system. They include both the "hardware" equipment factors such as the pumping units, motors, sucker rods, pumps and the "software" parameters including suction parameters, the degree of balance, pumps hanging depth and other factors. We did the research on the parameter optimization method t as the goal of improving pumping system efficiency and productivity. The results are:1. Taking system efficiency as a indicator to study energy consumption of beam pumping wells is feasible. Efforts should be made to improve the efficiency of the system in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving.2. Find the key controllable factors influencing the efficiency of oil pumping systems. They mainly include three aspects which are the impact of the formation for the liquid capacity, the underground system and the ground system. Through analysis, submergence depth is the key downhole factor and load-carrying capacity of electrical motor and degree of balance of pumping unit are key factors on the surface.3. To improve the Underground efficiency the core is to maintain a reasonable submergence depth. Two key parameters that are the submergence depth and the rod intensity of utilization should be focused on in the pumping parameters designing. The core to improve the ground efficiency is improving the balance performance of the pumping unit and the motor loading rate. The average power balance is better than the maximum current balance in reflecting the balance of the pumping’s working condition in up and down stroke.4. Obtain the relationship between reasonable submergence depth and gas-fluid ratio according to maximum downhole efficiency. Based on the statistics of pumping system test data form52wells, the relationship is obtained. For wells with gas-proof equipments, submergence pressure should be determined by produced gas-fluid ratio of tubing. In addition, fluid density in oil tubing annular should be taken into consideration. Based on the test data from12Team of Shanan Oilfield, the formula of annular pressure gradient and air output of casing on the surface is obtained, with which submergence pressure(with known casing pressure)and submergence depth can be converted.5. Obtain the rule for working parameter determination of rod pumping wells, which means pumping parameters are determined maintaining reasonable submergence depth firstly and then corrected according to capacity of equipments. Apheresis system optimization designing takes into account both the yield and system efficiency under the premise which does not affect the yield and the fluid level depth.We put forward countermeasures combining with practical situation on site. In accordance with characteristics of beam pumping system, we should take two kinds of adaptation tactics to improve the efficiency of the system. One is to improve fluid production, effective head and to increase the effective power of the system through swabbing parameters, the other is to reduce energy consumption with the application of energy-saving technologies, equipments, etc. We have obtained good effect by taking measures of promoting the use of energy-saving equipments, adjusting the pumping balance, optimizing the parameters of the pumping and so on site. The average system efficiency has increased5.33%. The energy-saving rate of average single well is34.67%. We have reached the goal of increasing oilfield production, reducing consumption, extending system life and reducing the production cost. It is of good promotional value. |
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