| The quality of indoor environment is closely related with human health. After the period of "soot pollution" and "photochemical smog pollution", the period of the third generation of "indoor pollution" has begun as the symbol of air pollution. Formaldehyde is the main air pollutants released from urban residential interior decoration and building materials. In recent years, it has become a hot spot of the indoor environment risk, because of its potential allergenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity.In the present study, a series of investigations were carried out at83decorative residences. The condition of formaldehyde pollution was studied in decorated rooms in different functional areas and the formaldehyde content was studied in different time in the period of decoration; the formaldehyde purification abilities of some assimilation plants were screened using the common indoor ornamental plant fumigation experiments; the formaldehyde removal capacity of Chlorophytum in the living room environment was studied by comparing test.All the results showed that formaldehyde pollution was very serious in decorated residences with a100%occurrence in the specimens and mean concentration of0.11±0.07mg/m3. Concentrations of formaldehyde were ranging from0.01to0.31mg/m3with53.3%over the standard rate. The maxium level reached4.5times of the standard. The mean concentration order of formaldehyde in different rooms was as the following:Children room> bedroom (sanctum, second bedroom)> living room. Formaldehyde concentration in decorative residences gradually declined with the increasing of time. Indoor formaldehyde dropped its concentration by0.04mg/m3seven months later. Therefore, the formaldehyde concentration in residential buildings was connected with the type of the room, the decorated time, furniture and other factors.Five plants tested have a strong absorption of formaldehyde, however, absorption capacity was very different with the absorption rates of formaldehyde:Aloe vera var.chinensis (87.8%)> Sansevieria trifasciata Prain (82.8%)> Hedera nepalensis K. Koch var. sinensis (Tobl.) Rehd.(81.4%)> Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl.(69.4%)> Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Baker (65.8%); for different plants tested, the absorption effect of the different time periods were different, as the different biological characteristics of the plant. In the initially3h-9h time, formaldehyde was strongly absorbed, however, in the9h-18h time period, absorbing formaldehyde ability of the plants decreased, while the absorption of the plants were in the saturation stage in the late18h-24h time period. Plant unit leaf area of formaldehyde uptake and the whole plant formaldehyde absorption were not the same. For the same indoor ornamental plants, the greater the amount of leaf area, the more formaldehyde absorbed. Therefore, it should be potential to select the ornamental plants with the right size, and relatively good indoor environmental benefits.The release of formaldehyde of interior decoration materials and the floor is a firstly faster then slower process. Along with the rising of the formaldehyde contents, the release of formaldehyde gradually stabilized in a state of dynamic equilibrium; formaldehyde content in the room was reduced by0.15mg/m3with Ch. comosum placed. The average absorption rate is4.7%, and the maximum absorption rate is about10%; the removal of the actual indoor formaldehyde absorption of the plants was not obvious, as the result, it should be combined with other formaldehyde removal methods, in order to achieve optimal effect. |
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