Analysis Of Ecological Environment In Wudu District And Its Driving Factor Using3S Technologies

Ecological environment is the basement of human being’s life and development. How to make analysis and estimate efficient and accurate is a very important problem in ecological researches.This paper sets Wudu district as the study area. Many different data sets were used as main information source:TM images which were taken in1992,2001,2011; meteorological observation data during1992and2011; social and economic statistical data from1992to2011. The comprehensive application of field investigation,"3S" technology, were used in in-depth analyzing ecological environment dynamic of nearly20years from different aspects and levels. In addition, based on the information model, expert scoring method, AHP and weighted sum model, the landslide susceptibility status of ecological environment quality were evaluated. Finally draws the main factor of driving the dynamics of ecological environment dynamic in research area by principal component analysis method. Which, provide the basis for rational utilization of the soil resources in this area and ecological protection. Thus, the following results and understandings were obtained:1Analysis of the general characteristics of vegetation coverage. In this study period, the growth tendency of vegetation cover in Wudu area is clearly in general. High coverage areas increases most obviously, with an increase of48.84%. When discussing according to the time stages, during1992and2001, serious vegetation degradation were observed; from2001to2011, vegetation is the repair in large, and the10years’repair ratio is larger than the9years’ degradation ratio.2Analysis of the general characteristics of the land use/land. During1992-2011, from the perspective of quantity, the area of cultivated land decreased firstly and then increased; woodland in the opposite. Grassland, unused land, water area continued to decrease, the area of construction land continued to increase, in the aspects of transfer characteristics, during1992and2001, cultivated land increased most violently, the woodland decreased most severely, and during2001-2011, woodland increased most violently grassland convert out most of all the land use types; when examine the evolution rate, these two periods’comprehensive land using dynamic degree was1.14%and1.21%respectively, which reflects the land use/cover change is more intense.3Analysis of soil erosion. During1992to2001, the area of slight, mild erosion reduced, above moderate erosion area increased, soil erosion showed increasing trend; during2001to2011, slight, the area of slight, mild erosion increased, moderate erosion area reduced, the of soil erosion has a reduction trend. Among all the land use types, sloping land’s soil erosion intensity is the most serious.4Assessment of landslide susceptibility. The zones of is very high landslide susceptibility in Wudu District are mainly distributed along the Bailongjiang River "Valley and the Beiyu River valley, their area sums up to16.54%of the total area.5Evaluation of ecological environment quality. The ecological environment quality in Wudu District relies mainly on good, with Excellent and generally centered; poor and very poor the least.6Analysis on the driving forces of change of ecological environment in Wudu District. The results of principal component analysis tells, in the past20years, the main driving factors of ecological environment is the human factors, especially the population growth, agricultural production, industrial structure, technological progress and living standard.