| With growing of the energy demand, the number of motor vehicle and the industrial rapid expansion, the quality of atmospheric environment is badly polluted, and have deterioration phenomenon occurred, ultimate this pollution has a huge influence on ecosystem and human health. Numerous studies show that atmospheric particulates can cause huge losses to human’s health, and the smaller the particle size the greater the damage. Therefore, in this thesis, by the collection of the PM2.5samples which are come from the atmosphere in Lanzhou, using ion chromatography to analyse its nine kinds of water soluble irons to obtained the variation characteristics and the pollution level. Based on the all of data collected:data of hospitalized cases which relate to the respiratory system and circulatory system diseases from2005to2007in comprehensive hospitals of Lanzhou, the meteorological data and the concentration of PM2.5from2005to2007, and controlled for long-term temporal trends, week effect and meteorological factors, the relationship between PM2.5pollution and daily hospital admissions about Respiratory system diseases and Cardiovascular&Cerebrovascular diseases were studied by using semi-parametric generalized additive models(GAM), at last, take PM10as an example to search for the health economic losses. The purposes are to provide related departments the scientific evidence for predicting, preventing and controlling PM2.5pollution, provide related government department reliable data support for measures taking and policies making, and lay the foundation for further research on PM2.5for people health in the future.Some meaningful results were obtained, and listed as follows:(1) Data analysis found that the concentration changes of PM2.5presents’U’type curve characteristics, the pollution level is:winter>autumn>spring>summer; daily average concentration range is10.63μg/m3-423.12μg/m3, the year average concentration is71.01μg/m3,243days has exceed the standad, which account for28.22%of the all monitoring days.Combined with the actual samples analysis, I have got the mass concentration of PM2.5from2010.12-2011.05, its Concentration range is24.04-382.46μg/m3, The winter average concentration is158.41μg/m3, while spring is70.65μg/m3, and the change rules is accord with the automatic monitoring results.(2)the mainly water soluble ions in PM2.5of Lanzhou are SO42-\Ca2+\Na+\NO3-\NH4+. concentration range is SO42->Ca2+>Na+>NO3>NH4+; in winter is:SO42> NO3> NH4+> Na+> Cl> Ca2+> Mg2+> K+> F, in summer is SO42-> Ca2+> Na+> NO3> Cl-> NH4+> Mg2+> K+> F-. The PM2.5Σ[+-] have a percentage of87.75%of PM25. PM2.5[-] and PM25[+]is imbalance, system shows the acidic.(3) In Lanzhou, PM2.5has a relevant to residents’s hospitalization with respiratory system diseases and Cardiovascular&Cerebrovascular diseases. Impact on total respiratory disease is significantly higher than the total Cardiovascular&Cerebrovascular diseases, and for different people have different lag effect.In respiratory diseases, PM2.5as a risk factor, the all crowds obtained the best lagging day at lag0, and the RR(95%CI)is1.035(1.019-1.050); to male, also at the lagO get the best RR(95%CI) which is1.049(1.030～1.067); to female, the best lagging day is the sixth day, and the RR(95%CI) is1.043(1.018～1.068); to the age groups, the best lagging day is maily focus on fifith or sixth day, and the RR(95%) are1.041(1.013～1.070),1.029(1.001～1.059),1.036(1.013-1.058) respectively.In Cardiovascular&Cerebrovascular diseases, the all crowds obtained the best lagging day at Iag6, and the RR(95%CI) is1.021(1.009～1.032); to male, also at the lag6get the best RR(95%CI) which is1.022(1.008-1.036), to female, the best lagging day at lag0, the RR(95%CI) is1.026(1.007-1.045); to the year≥65and year<65, the best lagging day at sixth or third day, and the RR(95%CI) are1.033(1.018～1.048),1.032(1.015～1.049) respectively.(4) The economic losses due to human health damage caused by air paticles were134613ten thousand in2008, which occupied1.6%GDP of Lanzhou. |
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