Phytostcrol And Its Products Reduced The Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease By Functional Evaluations

According to World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardiseases (CCD), is a serious disease called first killer, which harms human’s health andcauses death in the world. All over the world, about15million people die from CCD eachyear, account for more than50%of deaths. Unhealthy diet and lifestyle can lead to lipid,alcohols increased gradually, make the blood fat of Low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) deposition in the vessel wall after the oxidation, to make capillary congestion,then caused the diseases such as atherosclerosis. Most lower blood cholesterol and otherrelated index method requires strict diet and relies on drugs, and drug side effects havegreatly limits its application, if the bioactive substances through the diet intake can reducethe cholesterol levels in the body and is would be the best method undoubtedly, therefore,research and development to reduce the risk of CCD substances vigorously has veryimportant significance. Phytosterol (PS) is a kind of biological active substances, whichextracted from the plant, after the esterification with fatty acid can obtained phytosterolester (PSE). Compared with PS, PSE has better solubility, thus has wider application fields.The PS material with resistance to atherosclerosis, cholesterol, anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and so on, these important physiological functions and unique nutritionalcharacteristics can be widely used on health food and pharmaceuticals, for the preventionand treatment of the CCD has significant effect.It has important scientific value to evaluate healthy function of phytosterol,phytosterol ester and related dairy products by functional evaluations. To guide thestrengthening modes of functional plant and scientific consumption has a certain practicalsignificance as well. Methods: The experimental animals were randomly divided into9groups. They are control group, high fat group, phytosterols (PS) group1, PS group2,phytosterol esters (PSE) group1, PSE group2, milk1, milk2and placebo group. Thecontrol group was given normal standard diet, while other groups were given high fat diet,and gavage the corresponding concentrations of the respective substances. Theexperimental period was six weeks. Draw Blood from eye sockets once every two weeks.Related indicators were tested. In the sixth week, dissect the rat, remove the liver, heart, andthe aortic arch, make pathological section and observe it. Results: Gavage highconcentration of phytosterols, phytosterol esters and milk for4weeks, total cholesterol (TC)exhibited a significant decrease and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) revealedan obvious increase in a dose-dependent manner in rats. It has some effect on triglyceride(TG) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), but unstable, there are still significantdifferences (P <0.05) with the control group. Six weeks later, malondialdehyde (MDA) onthe milk group1,2and the PSE group2exhibited extremely significant decrease (P <0.01), and it has the same tendency of related indicators on liver. Conclusion: Compared withphytosterols, phytosterol ester and milk group can be more effective in reducing risk ofcardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. At the same time study confirmed that dairyproducts with phytosterol ester has a better effect on reducing the risk of cardiovasculardisease, protecting liver and blood vessel. According to the results, the PS can stoptransporting of cholesterol, then reduce the cholesterol levels in the body, and to explore themechanism of effecting cholesterol has very important scientific value.