Study On Nursery Effect Of Preventdisease Organic Substrate For Cucumis Sativus Linn

With the continuous development of vegetable industry in China, industrial seed culture of vegetable has become a booming emerging industry. More and more attention is paid to the nursery substrate as it is the basis of vegetable seedling. Peat is the major substrate of traditional industrial seed culture. Peat, however, is one kind of non-renewable resources, and its excessive exploiting may lead to the destruction of environment. Therefore, it is becoming urgent to develop new type of organic mixed substrate, which can be easily found and is cost-effective, to replace peat as substrate for nursery industry. With the spent mushroom compost and sauce residue after edible mushroom cultivation, this study sifted the mixing ration of mushroom residue, peat and vermiculite, fertilizer dosage and controlling cucumber seedling diseases of the fungicide, finally, we developed one kind of mushroom residue compound resistance nursery substrates which could preventand control Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia rot of cucumber. The main results are as follows:1. The optimal formula of mushroom residue compouned resistance substrate for cucumber seedlings, volume rayio of mushroom residue, peat and vermiculite is 1:1:1. Through different mixing ration of mushroom residue, peat and vermiculite, we analysed their physical and chemical properties, combined with seedlings growth situation, then, we draw the conclusion by comprehensive analysis. Adding peat to mushroom residue can reduce its bulk density, EC value, aeration porosity, and pH value. Vermiculite added can improve its waterair ratio and increase its hold water porosity. When the substrates were used for seedling cultivation, the mixture of three substrates was significantly better than that of two. What’s more, when the content of mushroom residue was less than 50%, the substrate significantly increased the seedling’s plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll and vigorous seedling index and so on.2. The 3414 experimental design to filter out the best fertilizer use matrix. Studied on the basis of the above mixtures of different fertilizer rates on cucumber seedling growth and nutrient absorption, to determine the seedling stage the amount of fertilizer used, there suits show that the amount of N, P, K concentration, plant height of cucumber seedlings, stems thick, were higher leaf area, dry matter accumulation and nutrient residues in the matrix by transplanting into Daejeon, and through the correlation between the handling of fertilizer and seedling index regression analysis, fertilization obtained the highest amount of fertilize ring redients, three nutrient elements nitrogen plants, followed by applied potassium fertilization.3. The effective and safe fungicides for controlling cucumber sheath blight and cucumber rhizoctonia rot were screened out in vivo. This research, using respectively strong pathogenic strain melon and fruit and made dry pythium silk as pathogenic bacteria and medicament nuclear bacteria simultaneously with soil vaccination respectively, to screene for the two diseases, for thiram and propamo carb 50% thiram WP 1000 times the control effect of the best, reaching 99.7%,72.2% propamocarbagent 1500 times more anti-efficiency. Good agent for damping-off control was 50% fludioxonil WP 2500 times,3% validamycin agent 1500 times,3000 times the 50% Thiram WP. Filter out the two agents at the concentration of the different proportions of mixed pharmaceutical compound screening against seedling diseases, of which 50% fludioxonil WP 72.2% propamocarb agent 1:1 2500 times with the matrix (mass ratio), disease prevention best.4. Screened mushroom complex disease resistance breeding field to validate. First use the matrix of the screened disease-resistant seedlings nursery cultivate cucumber seedlings, the diseases were effectively sprevened and controlled, and transplant the seedlings for field trials, in the early growth stage, plant height, and leaf area and according to compared, the difference was not significant.This study started with the prevention and control of soilborne plant diseases while seedling stage, selected the fungicide that can for control cucumber seedlings soilborne diseases while seedling stage, and screened out the nursery substrate that is resource saving and environment friendly, combined plant diseases with plant nutrition for the first time, achieved a set of nursery substrates which are suitable for factory nursery, provided a new method as well as a new thinking to contorl of soilborne plant diseases while seedling stage. It has wide application prospects.