Study On Development Of Vegetable Seedling Substrate By Wormcast And Mushroom Residue

Substrate production is the symbol of modern horticultural planting industry and the inevitable choice to achieve high yield,high quality,safety and standardization of horticultural products.At present,in the seedling-raising substrates needed for agricultural,forestry and flower production worldwide,the basic products with peat as raw material always occupy a dominant position.Peat land is an important carbon-accumulating system in the world.Peat is a non-renewable resource Overexploitation has a great impact on wetland ecosystem and global environmental change.It has become an important issue for horticultural industry to explore the substitution substrates of environmental protection and economy.In this study,wormcast and mushroom residue were used as main raw materials.Through the experiment of seedling raising with other horticultural substrates,the mixed substrates were directly mixed with other horticultural substrates.The feasibility of developing horticultural seedling raising substrates with wormcast and mushroom residue in direct proportion to other horticultural substrates was explored by measuring the physicochemical properties of the mixed substrates and the seedling vigorous index of the seedlings.Earthworm excrement and mushroom residue were the main components.In order to obtain raw materials,the products after aerobic fermentation substrates treatment and other horticultural substrates were compounded in a certain proportion and then applied to the seedling-raising experiment of various vegetables.The feasibility of developing horticultural seedling-raising substrates after wormcast and mushroom residue aerobic fermentation substrates treatment was explored by measuring the heap temperature,physicochemical properties of substrates and Seedling Growth index of seedlings.In order to develop vegetable seedling substrates through the above two ways of utilizing wormcast and mushroom residue,and to meet the needs of horticultural production for vegetable seedling substrates,at the same time,to absorb a variety of agricultural and forestry wastes,reduce the waste of resources and environmental pollutionThe main results of this paper are as follows(1)When wormcast and mushroom residue are directly proportioned with other horticultural substrates,vegetable seedling-raising substrates can be developedIn this study,a general vegetable seedling-raising substrates formula is V(wormcast):V(peat):V(vermiculite)= 1:1:1.In many vegetable seedling-raising experiments,the strongest seedling index of this treatment is the best and meets the standard of horticultural substrates.Three special vegetable seedling-raising substrates formulas are obtained,which are:cauliflower seedling-raising special substrates V(wormcast):V(peat):V(vermiculite)= 0.5:1.5:1;cabbage seedling-growing special substrates V(vermiculite)=0.5:1:1.5.(2)Aerobic fermentation of earthworm manure,mushroom residue and straw was treated by substrates,and then compounded with other horticultural substrates components in a certain proportion,which could be used as vegetable seedling substratesAfter compounding V(wormcast):V(mushroom residue):V(straw)=2:1:1,the volume weight of the substrates product is 0.45 g/cm3,total porosity is 71%,the ratio of size to porosity is 0.43,the pH value is 7.88,and the EC value is 0.90 mS/cm,which conforms to the standard of horticultural substrates.After compounding the substrates product with vermiculite and perlite(volume ratio)at the ratio of 1:1:1,the vegetable seedling growth test was carried out.The seedling index is the best,which is suitable for the use of the most horticultural substrates(3)Cost estimates show that the substrates formula selected in horticultural production can reduce the cost and price by 1.1%-17.4%compared with domestic peat on the market,and increase economic benefits compared with wormcast organic manure.