| Urban forest play an important role in improving the city environment and promoting its sustainable development. Through the research on evaluation of urban forest construction in Chongqing city, methods for benefitial evaluation of urban forest consruction would be provided. From the overall view, establish a benefitial evaluation index system of urban forest construction could provide basis for the further improvement.Data in the past few years of urban forest construction in Chongqing was collected and analyzed. Through the regression analysis of part of the important indexes by SPSS, the development situation of urban forest could be predicted. Compared the predicted result with the general programming of Chongqing, the constructive effect could be obtained preliminarily. Then the evaluation index value would be calculated using the Analytie Hierarehy Process(AHP for short) method, which was completed by the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis.The results of research show that, Chongqing urban forest constructed well, and it had better ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit. The main conclusions were as follows:As for the ecological construction:(1) The overall afforestation situation was good, but the urban forest construction still needs further improvement. From the start of the Chongqing forest project to December,2011, the area of afforestation reached to1205700hectare, which was82%of the forest engineering task (1466700hectares). Urban forest engineering afforestation48700hectare, occupy41%of the plan (118700hectares). The evaluation results also showed annual increase rate and cumulative growth rates of the urban forest construction were increased in2009, then declined year by year. The ratio of Urban forest project showed the same trend. Urban forest’s constructions need further improvements.(2) The forest cultivation area was reducing. From the analysis of the status quo, both young cultivation area and forest cultivation area were decreasing year by year, which indicated that the forest cultivation should be strength during the increase of the new forest area.(3) The forest coverage rate increased year by year, but the annual growth ration of urban green space and green coverage ratio was low and decreasing. The forest coverage rate was39%in December,2011, which had great difference with that of Jiangxi and Fujian (63.1%). Since the implementation of Chongqing forest project, urban green coverage area and green rate had improved substantially and went ahead of the planning. Evaluation results showed that the growth speed of urban area green coverage rate and green rate was decline. Through regression analysis, Chongqing in2017could reached the level of Jiangxi Province in2011. Therefore, strengthen the urban forest construction is necessary as the urbanization area is increasing.(4)In2011, the public green area per1person reached12.3m2, which had exceeded the planning goal. According to the prediction from regression curve, it could reach to17.65m2in2017. However, it was still far less than the ecological environment green standard (20m2) recommended by WHO. According to the assessment results, the annual growth rate of public green area per capita decreased, as a result, the urban forest construction should be speeded up.(5) About the indirect effects on environment:According to the current situation analysis, city air quality as excellent and good days increased year by year in Chongqing, and environment and traffic noise index has decreased slowly. It shows urban forest construction effect on environment gradually. Prediction results to infer, in2017, the concentration of SO2and respirable particles annual average will reach the national air quality standard one step level, the concentration of NO2can be maintained in the WHO recommended safe level range.As for the economic benefit:(1) The total production value of forestry improved stability. From the analysis of the status, we found that forest the total production value rised year by year, since the Chongqing forest engineering implementated, and the ratio account for the local GDP was also increased year by year. Through forecast, in2017, the forestry total production will reach5billion, or even more than the planning. From the evaluation results, the cumulative growth rate of forest total production value increased year by year, and the annual growth rate maintained at about20%, Overall, changed stable. Forest investment increased year by year, but the ratio on output and investment is lower. Therefore, it should be improved the utilization rate of investment, for higher economic returns.(2) The Forest Park tourism expanded fast. From the analysis of the status quo, the proportion of income from forest tourism accounted for GDP of in the locality are increased year by year. From the evaluation results, the income growth rate of forest Park tourism were positive each year. In2010, it increased fastest. Overall, the income of forest Park tourism increased from7billion in2007, to24billion in2011. Forest Park tourist decreased in2008, growth negative. It began to pick up in2009, and the amplitude is big. From the tourism income and tourist numbers, the Forest Park tourism development well.As for the social benefit:(1) From the analysis of the status quo, compulsory afforestation participation ratio has increased year by year. It already exceeded90%in2010. From the index evaluation results, the voluntary tree-planting participation ratio annual growth rate is biggst in2009. It indicates that since the implementation of forest engineering in2008, people’s consciousness of forestation greatly enhance. Because of city greenbelt and afforestation number already saturated, in2010and2011, the forest participant growth slowed down. Therefore, the work mobilise and propagandize the volunteer planting trees can not be relax.(2)The per income in forest increased. From the current situation of forestry statistics, average per capita income increased from250yuan in2007to600yuan in2011, increased about2times much, and it increased year by year. According to the forecast results, in2017, income of forest can be reached1000yuan average per capita. From the index evaluation results, the per income of forest growth amplitude is obvious when Chongqing forest project began in2008annual then it waved rise and fall The increase rate as around of25%annual. It indicate that the forest engineering construction played a obvious promoting to increase farmer’s income.(3) From the analysis of the status quo, the attractive degree of forest park about landscape and recreation rised year by year, but fell in2011. From the evaluation results, the annual growth rate increased in2009and2010, but showing negative growth in2008and2011. It indicated that the probability visitors choice the natural ecological environment increased, but the fluctuation is greatly. So we must strengthen the propaganda, and improving ecological environment consciousness.Based on the analysis of present situation in Chongqing’s urban forest construction, suggestions were put forward as follows:(1) speed up the urban forest construction furtherly;(2) strengthen forest cultivation and improve the quality of afforestation.(3) select the tree species reasonably and scientifically;(4) allocate the age distribution of trees rationally;(5) improve the ecological benefit;(6) promote the development of economy;(7) develop the forest tourism;(8) strengthen the propaganda on forest engineering, broad education about the forest, and raise the awareness of environmental protection. |
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