The Identification Of Two Wild Strains In Pleurotus And The Study Of Their Cultivated Characteristics

Pleurotus is very popular for its high economic, edible and medical value. Many varieties of this genus are cultivated extensively in our country. The wild germplasm resources of Pleurotus are abundant and distributed widely in China. To use and develop these resources, their classification and cultivatal characteristics should be known first.Two wild strains ZJJ and WDS, conservated in our laboratory, were identified through the traditional taxonomic approaches coupled with modern biological technology methods (ITS sequencing and phylogenetic analysis) in this study. They were finally confirmed the part of the Pleurotus pulmonarius.Distinctions between wild strains and commercial strains were obtained through the determination of mycelia growth speed after sub-high temperature treatment and the ability of recovery to grow after high temperature treatment, and the assessment of cultivated characteristics such as fruit body formation, yield, commercial features, disease-resistance and Storage and transportation tolerance ect. Mycelia growth speed was tested in PDA medium and cultivation medium respectively. The results showed that wild strains ZJJ and WDS had higher growth speed, just a little slower than strain Xiuzhengu845(Pleurotus geesteranus) in PDA solid culture medium, and HP in the cultivation medium. In the sub-high temperature treatment, mycelia were continuously cultured at30℃,33℃and36℃respectively, the mycelia growth rate and the colony morphology and diameter size measured; During the high temperature treatment, mycelia were continuously cultured at38℃,40℃,42℃and44℃for6h,12h,18h,24h,30h,36h,42h and48h respectively, and finally the temperature was set back at25℃. After that the ability of recovery and mycelia growth rate were tested. The results showed that wild strains ZJJ and WDS had greater resistance to high temperature. The mycelia growth rate of wild strain WDS was faster than cultivation strains even at33℃. Strain WDS was the earliest to formate the primordia, and strain ZJJ the latest. The yield of train WDS is higher than strain ZJJ, the commercial shape as well,with bigger cap and thinner and shorter stipe. In the resistance test, wild strains showed the excellent resistant ability to macular disease. Strain ZJJ had the strongest disease-resistant ability, followed by strain WDS. With a thick cap, the endurance for transportations of train ZJJ was better than strain WDS.The study of cultivation tests showed that two wild strains owned different excellent cultivation characters:the wild strain ZJJ had higher mycelia growth rate,better disease resistance, the thicker mushroom cap, and better endurance for transportation; the wild strain WDS owned the high temperature resistance, the early formation of primordia, fast turning tide, wide range of fruiting temperature, high yield, and excellent disease resistance. The two wild strains were new germplasm resources for edible fungi breeding.