Seedling Selection And Investigation Of Varieties Traits Of Precocious Walnut And Research Of Its Cultivation Technology

Walnut， belonging to genus walnut(Juglans) of walnut family(Juglandaceas)， is animportant nuts and woody oil tree species. Walnuts， with rich nutrition， containing avariety of vegetable fats，protein，unsaturated fatty acids，carbohydrates and phosphorus，calcium， iron， potassium and other mineral elements and vitamins B， C and E， is theworld’s traditional nuts food. China is one of the origin of cultivated walnuts， has a longhistory of walnut cultivation， rich germplasm resources， whose cultivated area ranks firstin the world. For a long time as compared to other fruit trees grafted walnut graft survival rateis low， the promotion costs are high， farmers take Xiang Ling， Yuan Feng， Liao He1，Lu Feng and ther walnut seedling reproduction. This method has made some economi cbenefits，but variation of future generations，resulting in nut quality varies greatly，makesthe nuts lack of competitiv eness in the domestic and overs eas market. Although China hasselected a larg e number of walnut seeds，but they can not meet the current and future needs of walnut varieties production. To promote the early realization of China’s production ofimproved walnut varieties， we need to strengthen Walnut Breeding. the main ways of WalnutBreeding are seedling selective breeding， introduction and artificial cross-breeding. As thewalnut tree reproductive cycle is long， artificial cross-breeding takes a long， costly， andintroduction also has many restrictions. In contrast， seedling selection take full advantage ofthe rich resources of existing breeding of fine varieties， is the most economical and fastestway to effective breeding.Selecting new line of fine walnut that is appropriate to local development from a numberof seedling test materials of precocious thin shell walnut， and establishing provenance seedlibrary， seed garden and scion garden with introduced walnut seed which have goodperformance， and conducting efficient cultivation experiments and promotion are greatsignificant for improving the quality， output and market competitiveness of walnutproduction， and increasing farmers’ income.Therefore， in this research， fine plant seedling progenies of precocious Walnut werescreened. Their partial Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits was investigated.Newexcellent varieties were observed. Furthermore， we researched and integrated walnutefficient cultivation techniques then concluded a written procedure of efficient walnutcultivation techniques， and proposed future development of the walnut industry views. Themajor findings are as follows: 1. variation traits of seedling progeny of precocious thin shell walnutAs investigated， the shape of the fruits were mainly rotundity and long rotundity， thecolour of the fruits were brown， light brown and light yellow. The variation coefficients ofvertical length， transverse length， shape index were less than12%， but the fresh fruit andnut friutmass， nut shell thickness and output rate were more than15%， and the shellthickness was the highest(30.73%).2. screen of fine plant seedling progenies of precocious walnutThrough mobilizing the masses to carry out the election work， a large number ofseedling thin shell walnut resources in Fei county were screened. According to the massesreports， field surveies and comparative analysis of data， we select some plant seedling. Andafter further observation， analysis， comparison and quality measurement of selectedsending for several years， we re-elected five excellent plants with high-quality， high yield，thin shell and high shelling rate.3.observation of the characteristics of precocious walnut varietiesWe observed biological characteristics and cultivation traits of6kinds of introducedprecocious walnut varieties， Xiang Ling， Lu Feng， Feng Hui， Yuan Feng， Liao He1and Lu He1，then selected3kinds of precocious walnut varieties which are appropriate to bepromoted locally.4. Integration of efficient Cultivation Technology of precocious walnutThrough summarizing the technology of Orchard construction， breeding， fertilizer andwater management， grafting， pruning and pest control of excellent Walnut varieties andimproving grafting technique， we conclude a more systematic walnut planting technicalregulations to guide the local production of walnuts and promote healthy development of walnut industry.Therefore， screening of existing good precocious walnut varieties seedling progenies toselect excellent plant and Orchard construction of excellent walnut varieties are developingtrend of walnut industrialization and breeding.Recommendations: Firstly， in addition to selection of excellent varieties， we shouldalso pay attention to the research of scientific and rational cultivation technology.Pollution-free organic cultivation， intensive cultivation and large scale operation are themain research content of the future. Build a scientific and rational management system ofcomprehensive cultivation techniques will be the walnut cultivation centers.Secondly，duringwalnut breeding， excellent walnut varieties should combine with advanced cultivationtechnology closely to achieve the goal of high yield， high-quality and efficient cultivation，promoting the sustainable development of walnut production and promoting China’s forestindustry by leaps and bounds.