Construction Of F₁Populations For Xinjiang Precocious Walnut And Child Period Traits Investigation And Preliminary Screening Of Molecular Markers

Xinjiang walnut (Juglans regia L.) has a long cultivation history and rich in resources, with its large,thin shell, precocious, high yield, strong adaptability and well-known throughout the country.It plays animportant role at the aspects of the social, ecological and economic.Walnuts are perennial woody plants,but seriously affect early economic benefit due to the child period is long and fruit is late. It is of greatsignificance that cultivars improvement and control,quality improvement precocious and high qualityaswell as flower bud differentiation precocious.Precocious walnut as the promotion local cultivars of Walnutproducing areas, plays a decisive role in the sustainable development of walnut industry in Xinjiang.Crossbreeding is the important method to improved walnut quality and increase production.This topic selection precocious walnut ’Xin wen81’,’Xin wen179’ and Xinjiang local old late walnut,Construction of genetic groups by hybrid.Through traditional methods and molecular markers for theorganic combination to search the phenotypic variation and genetic diversity,analysis the close relationshipbetween the source and explore the relationship of phenotypic and genetic variation.Comprehensiveanalysis the changing rule of biological characteristics and molecular marker research results.To getimportant molecular markers related precocious walnut short child period.In order to provide experimentalbasis of ’preservation, measurement, assessment and utilization’ for walnut genetic resources.The main results of this study as Follows:1,Through the Xinjiang ZaoShi walnut ’Xin wen81’,’Xin wen179’ and Xinjiang local old latewalnut,Building the hybrid F1generation of genetic group successful.Including85strains W81×F geneticprogeny plants and10strains W179×F genetic progeny plants.2,Determination and analysis the canopy structure of the hybrid F1generation of genetic population withannual.F1population changes of the plant leaf area coefficient range is0.77-2.22, the average lever is1.23;Mean leaf angle change range is9.55-46, the average lever is21.53;The change of the transmissioncoefficient is minimum as0.26-0.48;The change of photosynthetic active radiation range is133.75-342.33,the average level is214.13.3,Determination the annual F1plants on the biological characteristics of observation and measurement ofphysical properties, and compared with the comparative analysis, thus master the range of plant height,trunk diameter,height/thickness ratio,mikitaka,leaf numbe,leaf-length,leaf-width,leaf index,leaf areafollowed is6-69cm,0.20-1.91cm,20.83-82.84,3-30cm,3-28,2.68-13.13cm,1.86-7.04cm,1.42-2.40and3.32-59.58cm2from the annual F1plants trees.And the range of the content of Chlorophyll a,Chlorophyllb,Carotenoid,Chlorophyll,Soluble sugar and Protein followed is1.21～3.27mg/g、0.35～1.34mg/g、0.37～0.89mg/g、1.55～4.35mg/g、3.25～9.83%and3.90～15.09%from the annual F1plants physiologicalcharacteristics.4,By extracting genomic DNA of the plant,82strains of F1population.Screened11couple polymorphicprimers from49couple SSR primers,with stability,strong and obvious.Obtain86bands,74polymorphismbands by optimized PCR amplification reaction system,its polymorphism is86.05%.5,According to the determination of biological and physiological characteristics of relevant indicators, aswell as the SSR molecular banding has carried on the cluster analysis,get the groups which have similar traits or closer relationships of plants in the same group.6,Observed a plant Z16with female flowers open of W81×F hybrid F1generation;observed7strainsflowering plants including Z16at the following year, have obvious short child period character.And get thebiological character and physiological characters,as well as molecular markers related to the short childperiod.There is no flower phenomenon for W81×F hybrid F1generation plant at the first two year.7,To correlation analysis each index and molecular banding by determine, thus preliminary predicted theprobably related molecular banding position with the T44,T49,T54and T68,from flowering traits of F1generation groups annual plant.