| Polyporus [Polyporus umbellatus （Pers.） Fries] is an edible and medicinal fungi, whichis a traditional rare Chinese herbal medicines. In recent years, due to the expansion andexport of the pharmaceutical market, a large number of uncontrolled excavation to polyporus,leads to the destruction of its living environment, and the drop of its resources of wildpolyporus,now it is difficult to meet the market demands, while artificial cultivation havemany limitations of natural conditions, currently people often use the wild sclerotia as theseeds and use the techniques of semi-artificial cultivation to breed polyporus, while the use ofwild sclerotia cultivation requires a lot of wild sclerotia, resulting in the difficulty of the seedsource of artificial cultivation,and the costs rising of artificial cultivation, it has become amain bottleneck to constrain the popularizing of polyporus artificial cultivation techniques inlarge scale. Researchs show that the main active ingredients of polyporus is polysaccharideand steroidal compounds, Wild polyporus sclerotium and fermented mycelia have basicallyno different in their composition and medicinal value, using the method of fermentation toproduce hyphae body to replace or partly replace polyporus sclerotium and obtaining theactive substances from the raw material of fermented mycelia, has become the focus of thestudy about polyporus. In this experiment, to further develop the medicinal value of thefermented mycelia, and to explore the impact of inducers on the composition and content ofpolysaccharides and steroidal compounds of the fermented mycelia, we add inducers（β-sitosterol, cholesterol, stigmasterol） to the polyporus liquid fermentation medium to inducethe mycelia growth, research on polysaccharides and steroidal compounds of polyporusmycelium after fermentation, analysis the types and content of the polysaccharide andsteroidal compounds of polyporus mycelium after fermentation adding inducers, the resultsare as follows:There is a certain effect in promoting mycelia growth of liquid fermentation culturewhatever it’s single inducer and mixed inducers.1. For a single inducer, from the net increase and the average increase content of thesteroidal and polysaccharide, among the three single inducer, the best inducer of inducedeffect to mycelia growth in liquid fermentation culture is the group B （cholesterol group）, when its concentration is0.16mg·mL-1, the content of resulting mycelia steroidal is13.170mg·g-1and the steroidal net increase is4.14mg·g-1, increase31.4%; the average content ofthe mycelia polysaccharide is41.509mg·g-1, compared with control group, the net increase is31.418mg·g-1, increase75.7%.and the next is group C （the stigmasterol group）, when theconcentration is0.16mg·mL-1, the content of the mycelia steroidal is12.979mg·g-1, the netincrease is4.057mg·g-1, increase31.3%; the content of the mycelia polysaccharide is40.063mg·g-1, compared with control group, the net increase is30.774mg·g-1, increase76.8%. thenthe group A （beta-sitosterol group）, when its concentration is0.16mg·mL-1, the content ofthe mycelia steroidal is12.633mg·g-1, the largest steroidal net increase is2.686mg·g-1,increase21.3%; the content of the mycelia polysaccharide is37.432mg·g-1, compared withcontrol group, the net increase is20.373mg·g-1, increase54.4%.2. For mixed inducers, the best inducers to mycelia growth in liquid fermentation cultureamong the four groups of mixed inducers are group G （beta-sitosterol, cholesterol andstigmasterol mixed group）, the average levels of steroidal and steroidal net increase in overallare higher than the other three groups, for group G mixed inducers, the optimalconcentration0.08mg·mL-1. In this mixed inducer and concentration the steroidal content ofdry mycelia is42.754mg. and the steroidal net increase is13.707mg, increase32%whichcompared with controlled group; and at this concentration the total content of polyporuspolysaccharide is maximum133.174mg. the followed is group F （cholesterol andstigmasterol mixed group）, and the group E （beta-sitosterol and cholesterol mixed group）,the least induced effect of the inducers is group D （beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol mixedgroup）.The results show that: for polyporus mycelia of liquid fermentation, the induced effect ofcholesterol is better than the beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, and the induced effect of beta-sitosterol, cholesterol and stigmasterol mixed inducers is better than beta-sitosterol andcholesterol, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol, cholesterol and stigmasterol group. comparedwith single inducer, the induced effect of mixed inducers is better.In this study, we have found the best single inducer and its best concentration, we alsofound the best mixed inducers and it best concentration in the process of polyporus liquidfermentation production. It enrichs the source of resources of polyporus and provides aeffective way to get cheap polyporus. It also provides a new approach for the fermentationproduction of traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients. |
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