| In this study,Mengnong hybrid agropyron strains of ground planting which were fromthe seed by the satellite were used as test materials, researched potential yield, droughtresistan, microscopicture,ultrastructure and biological effects of mutagenesis seed root tipcells of them. Discusses the influence and mutagenesis mechanism of space mutagenesis onthe biological effects of Mongnong hybrid agropyron. Provide a scientific basis for the spacemutation breeding. The main research results are as follows:1Measured the morphology and physiological indexes of35strains mutagenesis and ckwhich were in drought stress,to comprehensively judge by the analysis of variance,weightcoefficient and membership functions,potential yield of35strains space mutagenesis followorder: strain24>17>28>32>22>27>16>25>5>10>30>9> the ck>19>31>1>35>29>21>12>6>8>7>15>33>14>26>4>18>3>2>20>23>11>13>34; drought resistancefollow order: strain28>24>27> the ck>21>31>5>22>33>8>17>7>30>25>15>23>11>32>29>16>9>26>4>20>34>19>12>18>35>6>10>14>13>3>2>1.2Peroxidase and esterase isozyme analysis of10strains mutagenesis which have goodperformance on both high yield and drought with ck shows that: the number of enzymes,enzyme whit activity intensity and enzyme level of mutagenesis strains obviously change,clustering analysis shows that: the genetic similarity coefficient of11materials changebetween a range of0.294to0.957, average0.643, genetic similarity vary considerably. Beclustered into four categories: strains5and22clustered into one group; strains24and25clustered into one group; strain28clustered into one group; strains17,27,30,31,32and ckclustered into one group.3Though isoenzyme analysis, screening22,25and28three mutagenesis strains. Themicrostructure and ultrastructure of their roots, rhizomes, leaf sheaths and leaves have manydifferences compare with the organization and the cellular structure of ck. Space mutagenesisobviously impact leaves table fur, stomata number, form, cell wall thickness, chloroplasts,mitochondria, vascular bundles structure etc of agropyron.4Space mutagenesis improve the mitotic index of Mengnong hybrid agropyron seed roottip cells; in mitosis interphase appeared micronucleus, small nuclear, nuclear budding, nuclearcrack ect. various types of nuclear distortion, single micronucleus is the main variation of type; in cell division metaphase appeared chromosome fragment and adhesion ect. distortion type;in cell division end appeared chromosome single bridge, double bridge, multiple bridge,backward and free etc. distortion type, and there are a variety of chromosome aberrations inthe same cells. |
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