| Banana belongs to Musa Musaceae, which is one of the important fruit trees of tropical and subtropical regions in the world. The genetic characteristics of banana determine the temperature response is extremely sensitive and vulnerable to chilling injury. Banana producing areas in China are often influenced by the harm from the cold current during winter and spring. It results reduction of output and even heavy crop failure. The monitoring, early warning, mechanical researching and defense technology for the Banana chilling injury are the general and urgent task of the banana production in China. This is quite important for theoretical study and application of production. The study takes various mother plant, sucker plant and tissue culture seeding of banana in the different bases of experimental demonstration of Guangxi banana’s anti-chilling as experiment material. It research the physiological indicators changes of chilling injury, chilling tolerance of influence and key cultivation technologies for anti-chilling overwintering of banana. It is expected to achieve good understanding on the physiological changes of banana chilling injury, as well as to explore the purpose of anti-chilling cultivation mode. The main conclusions as follows:1. The results of the study show that’s content of SOD activity, GSH and Soluble protein of banana plants significantly decreased, the content of MDA increased obviously after chilling injury.2. Before cold damage, using potassium, calcium fertilizer to banana plants can significantly improve the physiological parameters of plants, and increase K+、Ca+content of plants. In large measure to alleviate the severity of cold injury damage of banana plants and enhance the cold tolerance of plants.(1) Before cold damage, adding each125g of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate to Guijiao No.6’s plant, get the best results to the increase of the changes of SOD activity and GSH content from the leaves of the Guijiao No.6’s mother and sucker plant. Its SOD activity and GSH content is212.94%、166.50%and343.28%respectively, compared with the control plants. Adding250g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to Guijiao No.6’s plant, the content of GSH of the sucker plant’s leaves get the largest increase, reach up to62.7273μg/g·FW. The content is161.37%of the control plants. Adding500g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate make the maximum rate of increase of the content of Soluble protein from the leaves of the Guijiao No.6’s mother and sucker plant, is288.23%and274.00%of the control plants respectively. Adding Taiwan antifreeze500times, the mother and sucker plant obtain the lowest MDA content, is22.12%and21.73%of the control plants respectively.(2) Before cold damage, adding250g of potassium chloride to Guijiao No.6’s plant, enhance the best effect of K+content from the leaves of the mother and sucker plant, both of them reach to3.4415and3.8797μg/g, is115.37%and115.99%of the control plants respectively. Adding250g of calcium nitrate make the Ca2+content from the leaves of the mother plant to improve the best results, reach to0.1489μg/g, is103.76%of the control plants. Adding each250g of potassium sulfate and calcium nitrate to the maximum extent the Ca2+content from the leaves of the sucker plant so that it reach to0.0950μg/g, for172.73%of the control plants.3. The cut stems and cover anti-chilling technology, large plastic tunnel of double-film-covering anti-chilling technology are the key cultivation technologies for anti-cold and overwintering. They can effectively improve the overwintering survival rate and fruiting quantity of banana plants. So that can significantly enhance the banana’s yield and economic benefits.(1) Use cutting of the upper stem3/5and cover anti-chilling technology to the largely Guijiao No.6’s sucker plant, make the biggest influence to the increase of its yield and economic benefits. The average yield per mu and the average profit per mu of the test region is130.73%and156.76%of the control area. Increase income is3446.4Yuan per mu.(2) Use cutting of the upper stem1/3and cover anti-chilling technology to the Guijiao No.6’s summer and fall planted tissue culture seedling, can obtain the highest influence to the increase of its yield and economic benefits. The average yield per mu and the average profit per mu of the test region is117.63%and126.08%of the control area. Increase income is2105.11Yuan per mu compared with the control area.(3) After using the large plastic tunnel of double-film-covering anti-chilling technology to the Guijiao No.6’s summer and fall planted tissue culture seedling, Guijiao No.6’s average yield per mu reach up to20428.8Yuan. Deducting costs7049Yuan per mu, Guijiao No.6’s the average profit per mu reach up to13379.8Yuan. Increase income is3463.6Yuan per mu compared with the control area. |
PDF Full Text Request