The Resources And Species Diversity Research On AM Fungi Occurring In Medicinal Plants Of South Fujian

Biological diversity is rich in South Fujian, especially the medicinal plants,which is the important production of natural medicines. So far, traditional Chinesemedicines is from wild medicinal plants, However, excess digging results in theresources decrease, and the degradation, quality declining and unstable situation ofproperties are present under the backwardness of artificial cultivation technique.Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, an important component of root–fungusassociations, can form mutualistic associations with the fine roots of approximately80%of all terrestrial plants throughout the world. In the present study, spores wereisolated by modified method of wet sieving and decanting technique, andidentification was based on spore morphology and subcellular characteristics. Thedistribution, colonization rate and diversity of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of55medicinal plants in South Fujian were studied. The work aims to provide a valuablegermplasm and theoretical basis for AM fungal biotechnology in application tomedicinal plants standardization. The main research results were as follows:(1)91species of5genera of AM fungi were isolated and identified from55medicinal plants, of which54belonged to Glomus,20to Acaulospora,10toScutellospora,5to Gigaspora and2to Archaeospora.(2) The AM fungi resources in South Fujian are very rich. Glomus、Acaulospora、Scutellospora and Gigaspora were found in all the three sampling sits.No Archaeospora was present in Xiamen region. Glomus was the dominant genus,following by Acaulospora, and Gigaspora、Scutellospora were the least. Glomusmelanosporum was the dominant fungi.(3) The colonization rate and spore density of AM fungi were different indifferent sample sites. The colonization of medicinal plants from Xiamen,Zhangzhou and Quanzhou areas were53.29%、58.90%、67.21%, and the sporedensity in correspondense were1157.14、1004.5、787.5per100g soil.(4) The Shannon-Weiner index from Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou areaswere2.66、1.45、1.23in respective, and the species richness were15.43、9.65、7.46, and the Evenness were0.659、0.657、0.651.(5) The AM fungi species diversity was closely related with soil factors. Thecolonization was negatively correlated with available K and electrical conductivity,and positively correlated with organic matter; Spore density was significantlypositively correlated with organic matter; The same correlation was found betweenspecies richness and available N and organic matter of Zhangzhou region. SpeciesRichness was negatively correlated with soil water content in Quanzhou region.(6) Shannon-Wiener index (H) was highly significantly negative correlated withpH in Zhangzhou region. In Quanzhou region, the same was found between H andSWC, however, significantly positive correlation was present between H and EC、Mn, and significantly positive correlation with AP and OM; Evenness wassignificantly positive correlated with AP、EC、Mn、pH.