Study On Cormels Of Gladiolus Using Corn Stalk Matrix

The cultivar of gladiolus, friendship pink, was used in this experiment. They were divided into three groups according to the size of bulbs. Using corn stalk which was resource-rich and low cost in northeast, and vermiculite as materials produce five different ratios, to commonly used in the production of peat and vermiculite1:1matrix as control. These experiment main research matrix physicochemical properties, and the effect of the growth and physiological indexes on cormels of gladiolus and the variation during the growth. This experiment order to explore feasibility of well-composted corn straw to cultivation cormels of gladiolus. Then we find out matrix variation law during planting, and screened out suitable ratio for gladiolus growth which is also had good and reasonable price. Those provide practical experience and theoretical basis for corn stalk used as matrix. The results show that:1. According to the physicochemical properties of matrix, bulk density is between0.12-0.22g.cm-3aeration porosity between15%～35%, water retaining porosity between55%～70%during the planting. The proportion of the solid-liquid-vapor is suitable for plant growth. The comparison of void ratio is well situated, except T160.09%slightly larger. PH is also suitable for gladiolus growth between6.14～6.76.2. From the growth index (leaf length, leaf area, fresh bulbs weight) point of view, group A (0.8～1.0cm) T4(mature corn-stalk:vermiculite=6:3) performance is the best. The average increased value of leaf length is3.3cm. The average leaf area is380.57cm-2. The average fresh bulbs weight is12.10g. T4can promote growth of the gladiolus cormels, especially group A (0.8～1.0cm). The plants grow robustly and strong disease resistance.3. According to the physiological index of gladiolus, content of the chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein are generally lower. Compared T4with CK, the results show that:In T4, content of the chlorophyll, Starch and soluble protein are higher. The content of the soluble sugar, sucrose, nitrate nitrogen and the activities of the SOD, nitrate reductase wear irregular. Those show that the growths of the cormels are influenced by many factors. Change rule is complicated.4. Matrix composed of mature corn-stalk and vermiculite have certain impact on growth and physiological indexes of gladiolus cormels. So this experiment conclude that when we breed the product cormels, we had better to select group A(0.8～1.0cm) and plant in T4. In the commercial production, applying amount of nitrogen fertilizer can make corm characters better, speed growth rate, reduce the breeding cycle and create a higher commercial value.