The System Of Soil Water Monitoring And Drought Management Decision Based On GIS

Abstract: China is a large agricultural country and the scale of agricultural irrigation is growing larger and larger. Water consumption on agriculture is rising gradually year by year. For many years of work on agricultural stuff, people have been a waste of a large sum of water because of the incessant irrigation. The technique of water-saving irrigation irrigates duly and controls the amount of water appropriately. Thus it can make a much higher efficient output and change the traditional ways of irrigation, remitting the matter of water shortage in China. It is highly proved by historical experience and practical facts that the development of water-saving irrigation is the basic condition of high productivity, high quality and high efficiency of agricultural produce and it is also the key point to the agricultural sustainable development.During the participation of the "863national project" of "The Study and Application on the Accurate Operation System on Corn" I have accumulated large amount of agricultural produce data on soil moisture and drought model and so on. In order to better organize and manage these data I have carried out the study on the system of soil monitoring and drought management decision based on GIS. This system will help raise the utilization of ratio of agricultural water and the irrigation level and reduce the amount of agricultural water. The main points in my thesis paper are as follows:(1)Clarifying the mathematical model of the soil moisture and achieving the technique of prediction of soil moisture. Based on the study of quality index and evaluation method of the soil and land and by assessing some relevant indexes monitored in different stages, such as the volumetric water content, water demand and relative soil water content we have an analysis on the seasonal variation law and vertical variation law of the soil moisture, constructing the corresponding soil moisture mathematical model. Then we have a comparison and analysis combined with the present surveyed data of soil moisture of the experimental lands, giving the forecast of water demand of the reference crops. Finally we testify the accuracy of the forecast model by the experimental data.(2)Constructing a database about the drought information supported by the GIS technique and combined with the information of remote sensing images and the hydrology, weather and geography of the experimental lands. The system makes the SQL server2005as platform to manage the original data. It can supervise and analyze the occurrence, development and changes of the soil moisture at current time.(3)Studying on the current monitoring of the soil moisture. We collected the relevant information of the soil moisture of the experimental lands by some hardware equipment like soil moisture sensors, data acquisition module and so on and achieved current transmittal of the conveyed data of the lands by wireless transmission.(4)Developing the system of soil water monitoring and drought management decision based on GIS under the help of the techniques such as GIS, artificial intelligence technology (AIT) and wireless monitoring technique. The system achieves the functions of inquire of the historical data of the experimental lands and currently collected data, the visit of remote sense images, the use of the system and the update of the data. The whole system not only has a beautiful interface and a clear structure but also has the functions of expansibility, intellectualization and visualization.The system makes information collection, dynamic conveyance, analysis, management, decision and spatial information management a whole. Applying the system in the "863" national experimental area in Yushu City, Jilin Province, it reflexes the tendency of the soil moisture of the experimental lands more visually and dynamically and gets a better result.