| Increasing the per unit area yield of grain is the key which make sure food production can meet the population’s food needs, in the limited land resources and inadequate cultivated land reserve resources situation. Fertilizer is the most direct and effective way to improve yield of grain. However, with the increase of fertilizer, crop yield not only don’t increase but also bring a lot of ecological environmental problems. So it needs objective evaluation on the fertilizer efficiency.So far, there has not been systematic review on the changes of maize’s fertilizer efficiency in Jilin province. This paper collects and arranges the soil fertilization effect experimental data of each city and county in Jilin province which comes from the second national soil survey and maize soil testing and fertilizer experiment data of Jilin province taken in2006-2010. Using the MapInfo7.0software draw the time and space diagram of each city and country in Jilin. To definite the changes of maize’s fertilizing effect of each city and county in Jilin province for almost30years. The conclusion is as follows:1) From the analysis of changes of corn’s fertilizing effect in different eras, we can see that the NPK agriculture efficiency of Jilin province is respectively27.7kg/kg,26.6kg/kg and11.9kg/kg, the variation ranges is respectively8.0～67.6kg/kg,2.1～81.0kg/kg and-2.8～38.5kg/kg in the1980s; the NPK agriculture efficiency of Jilin province is respectively14.4kg/kg,20.3kg/kg and17.3kg/kg, the variation ranges is respectively5.7-25.9kg/kg,6.0～46.3kg/kg and4.6～43.6kg/kg in2006-2010.Comparing the maize’s NPK agriculture efficiency in2006-2010with the1980s, we conclude that the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer tended to decline and nitrogen fertilizer decreased obviously, down47.8%year-on-year. While the agronomic efficiency of potassium fertilizer tended to rise. Overall, the maize’s agronomic efficiency of Jilin in the1980s was nitrogen fertilizer> phosphate fertilizer potassium fertilizer. As people focus on potassium fertilizer, the maize’s agronomic efficiency was phosphate fertilizer> potassium fertilizer> nitrogen fertilizer in2006-2010.2) From the analysis of changes of maize partial factor productivity in different eras, we can see that maize partial factor productivity of nitrogen,phosphorus and fertilizers is respectively51.3kg/kg,75.6kg/kg and26.2kg/kg, the variation ranges is respectively15.6-93.8kg/kg,18.4～198kg/kg and9.9to52.3kg/kg in the1980’s. The partial factor productivity of N, P and fertilizer is respectively60.7kg/kg,145.9kg/kg and32.7kg/kg, the variation ranges is respectively42.9～92.1kg/kg,100.6～195.3kg/k and24.6～50.2kg/kg in2006-2010. Overall, maize partial factor productivity tends to decline, while the partial factor productivity of phosphorus fertilizer increase obviously.3) The fertilizer’s benefit of increasing yield has been one of the main problems of people’s attention. From the map of the fertilizer’s benefit of increasing yield, we can see that NPK’s benefit of increasing yield is respectively40.2%,22.1%and7.9%, the variation ranges is respectively6.0to77%,4.0to72.9%and9.9to52.3kg/kg in the1980s. The NPK’s benefit of increasing yield is respectively10.9～75.3%,5.2～46.6and3.6～61.3%, the variation ranges is respectively10.9to75.3%,5.2to46.6%and3.6to61.3%in2006-2010.Comparing the fertilizer’s benefit of increasing yield in2006-2010with the1980s, we conclude that the benefit of increasing yield of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer tends to decline and the benefit of increasing yield of potassium fertilizer increases7.1%. Overall, maize fertilizer’s benefit of increasing yield is nitrogen fertilizer> phosphate fertilizer> potassium fertilizer.4) The yield of blank areas in Jilin province has been mainly under4500kg/hm2since the1980s, accounting for69.7%of Jilin. The average yield of blank areas was4072kg/hm2in Jilin province in the1980s. Only one country’s output was under4500kg/hm2in2006-2010. The outputs of blank areas in Jilin province was mainly less than6000kg/hm2in2006-2010, accounting for72.7%of Jilin. The average yield of blank areas was6511kg/hm2in2006-2010. Comparing the maize’s outputs of blank areas in2006-2010with the1980s, we conclude that the outputs of blank areas tended to rise except Siping. The outputs of blank areas increased obviously in central region. From the above analysis results, we can see:as time going on, the basal soil fertility shows an increasing trend in each city and country of Jilin province.5) According to the regression analysis of documentations, we can seen that:in1980s, the best fertilizer amounts and the highest yield average of NPK is respectively153kg/hm2,86.9kg/hm2,63.4kg/hm2and7778kg/hm2in Jilin province. Anglicizing the dates which come from1234trail sites in Jilin from2006to2010, we can conclude that the best fertilizer amounts and the highest yield average of NPK is respectively188kg/hm2,73.8kg/hm2,77.9kg/hm2and10026kg/hm2... |
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