Study On The Systematic Classification Of Camellia And Aanalysis Of Its Utilization In Jiangxi

There are about238species of plants belonging to Camellia L. of Theaceae in China, which is tropical Asia (Indo-Malaya) distribution, a forma of tropical Asian distribution. In order to make a clear classification for the Camellia, a thorough study and a detailed examination of the Camellia has been made in this paper based on the features of leaf anatomic structure with the useage of SEM, features of vessels and characters of morphology. The paper have been discussed with the conclusions as follows:1. With the useage of SEM, leaf surface micromorphology characters of9genera18species of Theaceae are studied. The results show that, the stomatas are mainly scattered on the lower surface of leaves, and arranged in no regulation. The stomatal shape mostly are shuttle, is elliptical or oval. Innermargin of outer stomatal ledge is smooth or wave or sinuolate or serrated. The cuticle patterns of stomatal type varied with subgenus, no branched rings in subgen. Camellia, one branced rings in subgen.Thea, Subgen.Metacamellia with0-2continuous and branched rings. The results may provide new proof and suggestion to the original classification in subgenus.2. With the experimental analysis of botanical characters of10genera16species in Theaceae are studied. The results as follow, all the perforation plate of Theaceae are in the top of the vessel element, and vessal of scalarform perforation plate in two top walls. The length of the vessel element is500～1000um in Theaceae, belongs to the level of medium to slightly long. And the vessel element length of Camellia is500-700um, it is in the intergrade of Theaceae. The length of vessel element in each genus is in order as Hartia sinensis> Eurya distichophylla> Adinandra millettii> Cleyera japonica> Stewartia gemmata> Annesleafragrans> Schima superba> Camellia> Ternstroemiagymnanthera> Tutcheria championi.3. Based on Specimen collection、Taxonomic identification、Morphological Characteristics and looking up a lot of data, combine with the evidence of the features of leaf anatomic structure under the SEM and features of vessels, ascertained that there are32species and2varieties; in addition, discovered that Camellia oblata was newly distributed species in Jiangxi.4. Compared with Camellia plants between Jiangxi and neighbor regions discovered that:the number of species of Camellia is in order as Guangxi> Yunnan>Guizhou> Hunan>Guangdong or Sichuan>Jiangxi>Fujian>Zhejiang> Hubei. Analysis from the terrain, It is sure that the distribution of Camellia are mainly in the joint of Nanling mountainous region and Yungui Plateau、Nanling range、Luoxiao range and the joint of Nanling and Wuyi range. The combination region in Guangdong、Guangxi and Hunan is the center of species diversity of Camellia in China, it is means the distribution focus on the joint of Nanling mountainous region and Yungui Plateau (Nanling mountain western range have a common boundary of northern Guangxi、northwest of Guangdong、southwest of Hunan) to Nanling mountain middle range.5. Divided the habitat type into six types to analysis:downslope of broadleaf forest、 midslope of broadleaf forest、ravine under broadleaf forest、roadside、shrubbery and mountaintop, obtain a result that Camellia genus was long-day length, semi-shade-enduringplants, and it can’t tolerance strong light shooting, afford a reference to the Camellia resources development and utilization.6. Meanwhile, the paper discussed the evaluation of Camellia with its features of landscape application、oil resources and medicinal value, then propose the measures of protecting the germplasm resource. It has crucial significance for breeding new varieties、 dig out new species and the continual utilization with the exploitation.