Research Of The Nutrient Solution Formula With Mushroom Residue Of Cucumber Seedlings

Mushroom residue is a newly developed organic substrate instead ofpeat substrate, and it has great significance to study the supporting applicationtechnology in the cultivation and breeding of horticultural crops. The test studied theeffect on the cucumber seedlings of several nutrient solution formula, using themushroom residue and mushroom residue: vermiculite=2:1as the matrix.Andscreened the suitable nutrient solution formula, and on this basis, we began applyingnutritious liquid to cucumber seedlings in three different periods, with the screenedsuitable nutrient solution formula. Then according to the growth of cucumberseedlings, we fixed the suitable period of beginning applying nutritious liquid, toprovide the scientific basis and technical indicators on the application of mushroomresidue substrate in cucumber seedlings raising.The results showed that:1. Comparing with mushroom residue,mushroom residue mixed withvermiculite has decreased bulk density, but it was still significantly greater than CK;its total porosity increased significantly,but the aeration porosity decreased, andsignificantly lower than pure mushroom residue, but there was no significantdifference with CK; water retention porosity increased, and significantly higher thanthat of pure mushroom residue, and slightly higher than CK but with no significantdifference; the ratio of air to water dropped off, but no significant difference with CK;PH decreased slightly, but still showed weak alkaline, and was significantly higherthan that of CK; EC value decreased significantly, but were significantly higher thanthat of CK. In addition, the nitrogen content of the pure mushroom residue in the testswas higher than that of peat, but not remarkable; and total phosphorus and totalpotassium was significantly higher than that of peat.2. When we screened the suitable concentration of nutrient solution formula, inaccordance with the determination of the morphological indexes such as the plantheight, stem diameter, plant fresh weight, dry weight and so on and physiologicalindexes such as chlorophyll content, root activity, the analyzed results showed that when using mushroom residue as matrix, the seedling index of CK is the best, andsignificantly higher than the remaining treatments. But considering each index,treatment Ⅲ②[尿素：(NH4)2HPO4：K2SO4=175：75：500] had the optimal performance,CK1came second and then Ⅱ②[Ca(NO3)2·4H2O：NH4H2PO4：KNO3=413：57.5：303.5],Ⅰ②[Ca(NO3)2·4H2O：KH2PO4：KNO3=493.5：146：329]. When usingmushroom residue: vermiculite=2:1as a substrate, the treatment Ⅱ②and CK hadhigher plant seedling index and chlorophyll content, and tthere’s no significantdifference between the two. But based on an overall consideration of the rest indexes,treatment Ⅱ②had the best performance, and significantly better thanCK. Moreover,treatment Ⅰ②、Ⅲ②performed relatively well. Therefore, generally speaking, forcucumber culture, the medium concentration of nutrient solution formula is betterthan the high concentration and low concentration formulations with mushroomresidue as substrate.3. In the test of determining the beginning period of nutrient solution,considering the various morphological, physiological index of plant as well as the cost,when the nutrient solution formula was Ⅰ②, processing Ⅰc was relativelyappropriate, namely it was good to begin applying nutritious liquid when the first trueleaves of the seedlings spread. To Ⅱ②, we advised to adopt Ⅱ0in production,namely begin applying nutritious liquid when the second true leaves unfold..To Ⅲ②,using the processing Ⅲc was better, namely beginning applying nutritious liquidwhen the first true leaves unfold; using CK1as a nutrient solution formula, processingCK performed better than the other treatments.4. In the screening of nutrient solution formula we found, comparing with thepure nitrogen nutrition liquid, if we added appropriate ammonium nitrogen and amidenitrogen into the nutrition liquid, it was more conducive to the growth of cucumberseedlings. Therefore, in greenhouse cucumber, the organic matrix cultivation can usepart of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or amide nitrogen to save a certain amount ofnitrate nitrogen fertilizer, thus the production cost can be reduced.