Characterization Of The Rich Alleles Of Viviparous-1A In Chinese Wheats And Development Of A STS Marker For Seed Dormancy

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) reduces the quality of wheat and the economic value of the grain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of the Viviparous-IA (Vp-1A) and Viviparous-1D (Vp-1D) genes in a collection of103widely-grown winter wheats in China. In our study, we found rich allelic variation in Vp-1A located in three major regions, which were third intron, fifth intron and sixth exon. Totally, seventeen Viviparous-IA allelic variants related to PHS tolerance were explored on the A genome of the bread wheat, and designated as Vp-1Aam, Vp-lAan, Vp-1Aao, Vp-1Abm, Vp-1Abn, Vp-1Agm, Vp-1Ahm,Vp-1Ahn, Vp-1Aho, Vp-1Aim, Vp-1Ain, Vp-1Aio, Vp-1Ajm, Vp-1Ajn, Vp-1Akm, Vp-1Alm, Vp-1Aln. Among them,8cultivars and lines CA0178(Vp-1Ain), Zhongyu5(Vp-1Aho), Langzhongbaimaizi (Vp-1Agm), Xiaoyuhua(Vp-1Ajn), Zhou8425B (Vp-1Aao), Tuhulutou(Vp-1Akm), Nvermai(Vp-1Alm) and Han5316(Vp-1Abm), selected detect the expression of the Vp-1A genotype. The insertions and deletions affected the expression level of the Vpl-A at mature seed stage.Based on the relationship of average GI values and expression level, a co-dominant STS marker of Vp-1A gene was developed and designated as Vp1A3. In most case, Vp-1Agm associated with more resistence PHS tolerance. Moreover the efficiency of assisted selecting with VplA3and Vp1B3in this set of germplasm, genotypes with Vp-1Aam and Vp-1Ba associated with more susceptible PHS, and genotypes with: Vp-1Agm and Vp-1Bb, Vp-1Agm and Vp-1Ba, Vp-lAim and Vp-1Bb, or Vp-1Aam and Vp-1Bb associated with more resistence PHS tolerance.