Study On The Tissue Culture And Inheritance Of Traits Of Butterfly Orchid （Phalaenopsis Sp.） Radiated By⁶⁰Co γ-Ray

Phalaenopsis amabilis(Linnaeus)C.L.Blume, called Butterfly orchid in English, belongs to Family Orchidaceae,Genus Phalaenopsis (Blume). It had been found more than70native species currently. Most of them grew in the humid region, which produced a maximum of Southeast of Asia. Butterfly orchid had large flower and long flowering period and was rich in color. The Butterfly orchid hence the name for its appearance like a dancing butterfly. It had the reputation of "Orchid Queen" in the tropical orchid and was one of the most popular Orchids in recent years. Butterfly orchid breeding had two ways in factory. One was sterile seeding and culture by artificial; one was using Isolated organ to induce new plants. For the reason that there had high mutative rate in hybrids and it’s hard to form uniform and large-scale cultivative varieties, isolated organ culture method was the mainly method in industrial production at this stage.Using plants from four cultivars of orchid (A、B、C、D) as material treated with four different doses of60Coy-ray, that are15Gy,20Gy,25Gy and30Gy respectively. Using pedicels axillaries of variety A which radiated by different doses of60Coy-ray as explants to induce clustered shoots. Analyze the different of induction rate and proliferation rate between different doses of radiation. The result shows:with the increasing of radiation doess, the germination time of clustered shoots was lightly delayed and new plants were weaker than the control materials; the proliferation rate of clustered shoots higher than the control materials.At the same time, taken g-DNA of tissue culturing seedlings’leaves and mutant seedlings’leaves, then made cluster analysis of them. The result showed that the materials of15Gy group of vatiety A were clustered together, and materials of30Gy group were clustered together. The materials of15Gy group and30Gy group had good genetic effect; the materials of intermediate doses had large genetic distance and worse in genetic stability. For the variety B, the lower doses of15Gy group and20Gy group had own cluster and their genetic stability was good. The materials of higher doses of25Gy and30Gy had large genetic distance and worse in genetic stability.25-3and30-3were significant variation plants in flower shape of variety A. The clustered analysis showed that25-3and25-3a and25-3b had large genetic distance and bad genetic stability; and also showed that30-3and30-3a and30-3b clustered together, they had small genetic distance and good genetic stability.