Characteristics Of Leading Cultivars Of High-quality Rapeseed And Their High-yield Cultivation Techniques In Hangzhou Municipality

Rapeseed is the main winter crop and the source of edible oil in Hangzhou municipality. With the development of agricultural infrastructure and industry, rapeseed production has been developed as the advantage industry in main rapeseed planting area. At present, high-quality rapeseed cultivars update fast, which can meet the need of rapeseed industry development. However, the study of high-yield cultivation techniques is limited, which can not match up the development of excellent new cultivars, thus affect the development of the high-yield potential, restrict the popularization and application of high-quality rapeseed new cultivars and the planting benefit improvement, and impede the further development of rapeseed industry.Based on the above mentioned problems about the rapeseed production in our municipality, this research investigated the characteristics of each cultivar according to the performance of three leading high-quality rapeseed cultivars in recent years; The corresponding investigation of high-yield cultivation techniques were carried out, and the key techniques had been developed. The main results revealed as follows:1. Sowing date, sowing density and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on the yield of’Zheshuang758’, when the rapeseeds were directly sowed in the silt sediment soil field with the medium fertility. The greatest influence factor was sowing date followed by sowing density and nitrogen amount. The rapeseed yield increased with the advance of sowing date, the increment of sowing density and nitrogen amount. This experiment demonstrated that the most suitable direct sowing date for ’Zheshuang758’ was September30th, the best sowing density was240,000per ha, and the most appropriate nitrogen amount was150.0kg per ha.2. When the rapeseed (’Zheshuang758’) were transplanted in the silt sediment soil field with the medium fertility, sowing date was the key influence factor for the yield of’Zheshuang758’, and the nitrogen amount and planting density had certain effects, but insignificant. In this experiment, the best combination was the sowing date for September15th, the transplanting date for October20th, the density for135,000per ha, the nitrogen amount for270kg per ha. Early sowing, early transplanting and appropriate nitrogen application were required for increasing the yield of’Zheshuang758’. 3. When the rapeseed (’Zheyou18’) were directly sowed in the silt sediment soil field with the medium fertility, sowing date and the interaction between the sowing date and sowing quantity had significant effect on the yield, however, the sowing quantity and nitrogen amount as well as different nitrogen application methods affected the yield insignificantly. In this experiment, the optimum sowing date was October15th, the suitable sowing quantity was3.0kg per ha, the best nitrogen amount was225.0kg per ha, and the most reasonable nitrogen application method was basal fertilizer:seedling fertilizer:tassel fertilizer being50:30:20. In principle, low population was used when the rapeseeds were sowed early, while high population was required when the rapeseeds were sowed late.4. When the rapeseed (’Zheda619’) were directly sowed in the silt sediment soil field with the medium fertility, sowing date had significant effects on the yield, and the nitrogen amount and different nitrogen application methods had certain effects, but insignificant. The sowing quantity and the interaction between sowing date and sowing quantity had little effect on the yield. In this experiment, the optimum sowing date of rapeseed (’Zheda619’) was October15th, the sowing quantity was3.75kg per ha, the best nitrogen amount was225.0kg per ha, the most reasonable nitrogen application method was basal fertilizer:seedling fertilizer:tassel fertilizer being60:40:0.At the same time, the popularization and application of high-quality rapeseed cultivars and high-yield cultivation techniques were proved to be effective in our municipality through high-yield demonstration and promotion, the integration of breeding, propagation and popularization, multi-channel propaganda and technical training. The rapeseed industry was developed and the rapeseed production was promoted in our municipality as well. The average yield of rapeseed was improved from1469.0kg per ha in2002to2100.0kg per ha in2011, and the ratio with double-low rapeseed rose from49.32%in2002to93.4%in2011.