| In recent years, due to the improper way for handling it, agricultural waste leads to a series of environmental pollution to people in production and life. A mass of research indicates that it can degrade and transform agricultural waste for using the synergy of earthworms and microorganism in the environment. Using earthworms resolution processing technology, not only can avoid waste cause environmental pollution, protect the environment for the ecological benefit, but also can produce high value earthworms and the earthworm dung, get double economic benefits. This paper aims to study the following three aspects:(1) The impact of EM bacteria on the material agrochemical nature in the pre-composting process.(2) By analysis of earthworms of growth and reproductive characteristics in the process for digesting material, it explores the most suitable material ratio as the bait of earthworm.(3) By analyzing the nutrient content of the material combination in the process for digesting material,it finds out the material ratio of the highest nutrient content in the product.This test uses the indoor culture, it selects three types of agricultural waste (include sorghum stalks, corn stalks and rice straw) as a factor of the test parameters, and sets the proportion of each straw weight in the total weight to100%,50%and1/3, while it lets the total weight of combination of all materials accounted for100%of the total weight of the straw as constraints, it gets seven kinds of material combinations after screening. To ensure the C/N is low in the materials, it adds40g cow dung as a substrate material, the total dry weight are100g in each processing result. The tests were carried out75d, including Pre-composting processing15d and earthworms digested material60d. In the process for earthworms digesting materials, every15d for destructive sampling, it records the weight of earthworm, the number of young earthworm and the cocoon number of earthworms, compares and analysis growth, reproductive statusln the combination of various materials and the material agrochemical nature. The results show that:(1) In the material pre-composting period, the organic carbon, total N content of the calorific value of the material for combination of EM bacteria are significant (P<0.05) lower than the corresponding material combinations that did not join the EM bacteria, indicating that, the EM bacteria can accelerate the degradation rate of the material organic matter, and accelerate the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen in the material in the material pre-heapmanufacturing process. The C/N ratios of most of the material combination were higher than the corresponding EM bacteria material combination, indicating that EM bacteria on the degradation of organic matter in the combination of various materials to accelerate the efficiency of the overall slow to accelerate the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen efficiency.(2) In the digesting process for handling materials, earthworms grown well in various material combinations, vigorous breeding. The different ratio of the material showed a significant effect (P<0.01) in average daily gain on earthworms multiple of the number of cocoon production and proliferation times of day. Earthworms daily gain multiples in the combination of various materials are first increased and then decreased, the number of cocoon production of earthworms and the proliferation times of day with time to increase significantly rise. Overall, earthworm compost corn stalks made of cow dung dubbed the matter is more conducive for earthworm feeding.(3) In the process of earthworm digesting materials, the organic carbon content, C/N and heat value content of each material combination increased with time reduced. The content of available P and K trend with time.(4) The conversion efficiency of earthworm digesting various material combinations remained at54%to62%within which the material into the most efficient is the earthworm corn stalks and rice straw and cow dung dubbed materials (YD), the conversion efficiency is61.57%. Earthworms on the conversion efficiency of the carbon materials are below11%, the most carbon conversion efficiency is the rice straw and cow dung dubbed the material (D),10.75%. Earthworm breeding efficiency is maintained at240～340item/100g material (dry weight), the highest reproductive efficiency of corn stalks and cow dung dubbed materials (Y),336item/1OOg material (dry weight).(5) The content of total N, available P and K increase, makes vermicompost having a higher effective use of nutrient content. Overall, processing through the earthworm digestion, corn stalks and rice straw and cow dung dubbed materials (YD), sorghum straw and cow dung dubbed the material (G), sorghum straw and corn stalks and cow dung dubbed materials (GY), total N, available P, available K. Composting is relatively better. |
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