Effect Of Different Ratio Of Agricultural Wastes On Earthworm And Study On Vermicomposting Of Material

Dairy farms and edible fungus production bases produce large amounts of cow dung and mushroom residue every day in our country. If these agricultural wastes cannot get proper treatment, it not only wastes the exploitable resources but also threaten to cause serious pollution of environment. Earthworms during its metabolism process decompose and transform agricultural wastes using the collaborative symbiotic function of microorganisms as wormcast excreted from the body. The method of treating agricultural wastes by earthworms make full use of agricultural wastes, in the meantime, the way play a role in protecting the environment. This paper aims to study theoretical basis for making full use of cow dung,mushroom residue and Effective Microorganisms(EM), and to take the analysis of the nutrient content in the end products.This experiment used indoor culture method. We design the ratio of nine different combinations according to the different ratio of cow dung and mushroom residue of dry matter and the different adding of EM. The trial age was 60 days. Every 15 days we focus on taking the analysis of the growth and breeding status of earthworm living in combinations of different types or proportion of cow dung /mushroom residue and EM; taking the comparison of the physical and chemical properties and the nutrient content of the combinations with or without earthworm treatment. The results were summarized as follows:Nine different combinations were suitable for earthworm to grow and breed. Average weight of earthworms and the growth rate of earthworms were all increased firstly and then declined. Average weight of earthworms got to the biggest on the 30th day, yet the growth rate of earthworms got to the biggest on the 15th day. The treatment 7 that is displayed combination of dry matter of cow dung and mushroom residue of ratio of 0.5 and 15 mL 10 percent of the EM bacteria liquid showed the biggest average weight of earthworms and the growth rate of earthworms. The daily proliferation multiple of earthworms declined with the time. For the time from 0 to 60 days, the two variation sources that were treatment and the ratio of dry matter of cow dung and mushroom residue have a significant effect on average weight of earthworms and daily weight multiple of earthworms, but this two variation sources have a significant effect on daily proliferation multiple of earthworms from 15 to 60 days.The TOC content and C/N of the combinations with or without earthworm decreased with the time, but the TKN content showed the opposite trend. At 60th day, the TOC content in earthworm inoculation were significantly smaller than the combination of unvaccinated earthworm; the TKN content in earthworm inoculation were significantly higher than the combination of unvaccinated earthworm; C/N of the combinations compared no significant difference with the control. In the treatment with earthworms. The group 7 had the lowest TOC and C/N decrease rate and showed the quickest increase rate of TKN. The TOC and C/N fall by 34.85 percent and 58.42 percent, yet the TKN increased by 56.06 percent. The pH in earthworm inoculation were significantly smaller than the control.After vermicomposting number of bacteria in earthworm inoculation higher than the control and there is no significant difference between them. The quantities of fungi and actinomyces were increased significantly over that of contrast sample. The content of urease decreased as time extending in text within 60 days in with or without earthworm treatment. The content of urease in earthworm inoculation were significantly smaller than the combination of unvaccinated earthworm. The content of dehydrogenase in with or without earthworm combinations showed all declined firstly and then increased during 60 days.Germination index of seeds was an important index for appraising compost maturity. Germination index of seeds in the treatment of vaccinated or unvaccinated earthworm increased with the time in experiment period. Germination index of seeds in earthworm inoculation was significantly higher than the control.