Study On Growth Character And Selection Of Porphya Haitanensis With Different Color

This paper studied the growth and artificial selection of the deep brown, the brown, the breen, the emerald, the red brown, the nacarat and the purple Porphyra haitanensis under optimum condition, high salinity condition, low salinity condition, high temperature condition and low nitrogen (N) and phosphorus(P) conditions. The results gained different strains which had fast growth, high temperature resistance, low salinity resistance and low N, P resistance character. The genetic analysis on P.haitanensis with different color through SRAP marker could provide the theory basis for cross breeding and economic character selection of P.haitanensis with different color:1. The growth character of P.haitanensis with different color were studied under optimum condition. The deep brown and the red brown strains which were thin, fast growth, high phycobiliprotein content and stable character were obtained through the cultivation: (1)The average length was 2.99 times of the control, the average weight was 10.28 times of the control and the average thickness in the middle was 37.5% thinner than the control in F3 thallus of the deep brown. And the content of total phycobiliprotein was 2.05 times of the control, the content of total amino acid was 42.95% higher than the control, and the content of total free amino acid was 80.87% higher than the control. (2)The average length was 1.68 times of the control, the average weight was 4.46 times of the control and the average thickness in the middle was 43.75% thinner than the control in F3 thallus of the red brown. And the content of total phycobiliprotein was 1.81 times of the control, the content of total amino acid was 50.21% higher than the control, and the content of total free amino acid was 43.58% higher than the control.2. The growth character of F1 thallus with breen, emerald and red brown P.haitanensis were studied under the different salinity conditions, and the wild thallus cultured under the normal condition as control. The results showed that there were neither mature nor rotten phenomenon occurred after cultured 20 days in the former three strians, and the average length and fresh weight were higher than control under the salinity 40,35,15,10 conditions except the emerald blades’average fresh weight which were lower than control under the salinity 40. The total phycobiliprotenin contents of the emerald and the red brown blades were significantly higher than the control after cultured 20 days under salinity 40,35,15,10 conditions. All the three strains grew well under the low salinity (15,10) conditions, and had a good ability to adapt high salinity conditions. F2 and F3 in the red brown were selected for culturing and got the red brown strain which had good growth and stable character under the salinity 10 condition could provide useful germplasm for expanding aquaculture to estuary and low salinity areas.3. The growth of the breen, the emerald, the red brown and the wild P.haitanensis were studied under the high temperature(26℃, 27℃, 28℃, 29℃, 30℃) conditions. The results showed that the former strains had higher capability of high temperature resistantance than the control. The high temperature resistance character of the breen had increased in F2 thallus than F1 thallus. When removed the F2 thallus to the normal condition, it could recover after cultivated 10 days under 29℃, 30℃conditions and showed fine high temperature resistantance character. The high temperature resistance of the emerald and the red brown blades were higher than the control and when removed to the normal condition, they could recover after cultivated 10 days under 28℃, 29℃, 30℃conditions. The high temperature resistance character in F2 thallus of the red brown was lower than F1 and the superiority disappeared under 29℃, 30℃conditions, but still higher than control.4. The growth of F1 thallus with brown, breen, emerald and red brown were studied under low N,P(N contents was only 1/100 times of the area and P contents was only 1/15 times of the area) conditions. The results showed that the average fresh weight of the former four strains were significantly higher than the control, and survived longer than the control. The breen and the red brown blades showed strong resistance character under low N, P conditions. The N,P resistance ability of both F2 and F3 blades were researched and the results showed that the both strains had high capability of low N, P resistance:(1)The breen blades stopped growing after cultured 21 days under low N,P conditions and there were no mature phenomenon occurred, just only slight rotten and atrophy happened; the daily length-increased was 4.73 times of the control and the fresh weight-increased was 5.29 times of the control after cultured 7 to 9 days when the seedlings were 3 to 4cm; the daily length-increased was (0.86±0.27)cm/d and the fresh weight-increased was (5.32±0.21)%/d after cultured 18 to 21 days; the average length was 28.7cm longer than the control and the fresh weight was 12.39 times of the control in F3 thallus of the breen. (2)The red brown blades stopped growing after cultured 15 days under the same condition and they were not mature or rotten, only atrophy phenomenon occurred. The tolerance capability and growth were relatively stable. F3 thallus improved under low N,P even no N,P conditions, and genetic character were relatively stable; the daily length-increased was 4.95 times of the control and the fresh weight-increased was 3.58 times of the control after cultured 7 to 9 days when the seedlings were 3 to 4cm; the daily length-increased was (1.92±0.53)cm/d and the fresh weight-increased was (13.61±0.46)%/d after cultured 13 to 15 days; the average length was 23.16cm longer than the control and the fresh weight was 11.13 times of the control in F3 thallus of the red brown.5. SRAP technology was studied on six strains of conchocelis including the deep brown, the brown, the breen, the red brown, the nacarat and the purple. The results showed that the percentage of the polymorphic bands was 90.38% and rich genetic variance sites were effectively detected among the P.haitanensis genus. The genetic distances among the six strains was 0.3324 to 0.6787, and the average was 0.5337. The genetic distances between the six strains and the control was 0.5147 to 0.7688, and the average was 0.6293. Moreover, the Effective number of alleles (Ne), expected heterozygosity(h) and shannon’s information index(I) were 1.6040, 0.3418 and 0.4991 respectively among the six strains. All the results showed that the six strains had higher genetic diversity and could supply abundant alleles of genetic variation for breeding of P.haitanensis.