Study On Cross Breeding Of Chrysanthemum And Heredity Of Hybrids

Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium) originated from China,and it is one of the most famous and favorable flowers.There are about 3000 Chrysanthemum cultivars in China,with a long history of cultivation.There are also many variations on plant types, flower patterns,colours and wide adaptability etc.In this study,380 cultivars were collected from Nantong,Yangzhou in JiangSu province and TianJin,Tangshan in HeBei province.We observed and recorded their vavle type,flower type and colors of flowers. Also we observed the adaptability of each cultivar at Wuhan area.In this study,35 chrysanthemum cultivars were selected for the different cross combinations.The artificial hybridization experiments were done during November in 2006 and 2007.So far we got a number of hybrid offsprings.Some phenotypic characteristics of the hybrid offsprings were observed,recorded,and analyzed.The results showed that:in terms of quality traits,the performance of valve-type traits obviously biased maternal genetic,more than 80%of hybrids has the same valve type with the female parent;the heredity of colors is very different between different cross combinations.The purple color has a higher heritability than red color.The genetic trend of flower type of hybrids tends to the female parent.Quantitative trait,the analysis indicates that the genetic trend of plant height trait shows a certain degree of heterosis,the proportion hybrids of ultra-high parent is 56.3%;pedicel length has a similar genetic trend with the plant height,and the average pedicel length of offspring higher 32%than mid-parent value;The genetic trend of flower diameter is more complicated than other phenotypic characteristics,it is very different between different cross combination.A number of excellent hybrids has been selected,and reproduced by cutting propagation in order to observe the traits,such as stability and consistency,and prepare for approval of new cultivars.