| Background and PurposeCerebrovascular disease is one of the common diseases which is a serious threat tohuman health of the elderly, with high incidence, high morbidity and high mortality, and87%of which is ischemic cerebrovascular disease[1].Ischemia-reperfusion injury is moreserious brain injury which is defined as tissue damage caused when blood supply isrestored to the ischemic infarct brain regions after a period of ischemia, which causesfurther damage of the lesion tissue, by potential reasons including increased reactiveoxygen，free radical damage, inflammatory injury, endothelial cell injury，calcium overloadand increased apoptosis and so on. Inhibition of reperfusion injury is a key link in thetreatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Although domestic and foreign researchershave conduct a lot of research and have made some progress，there is still lack of targetedtreatment strategies[2,3].Chinese medicine treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease has a long history,with the wide range of advantages such as strong side effects, pharmacological effects,which can play a therapeutic on multiple levels and multiple links, particularly suitable fora variety of pathological changes induced by cerebral ischemia. In the long-term practice,the classical theory of cerebral ischemia, Herbal Extracts and Traditional ChineseMedicines are increasingly attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad[4,5].Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is closely related to syndrome of blood stasis.Chinese medicine treatment use method of promoting blood circulation. Under theguidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, Chinese herbal formula such as Tian-Shuextracts, which prescription comes from the Chuanxiong of the Song Dynasty’s “Sheng JiZong Lu”. The application of modern technology is to extract the active ingredients of TallGastrodia Tuber and Chuanxiong, which can improves blood circulation, dredge Meridianand relieve pain. Traditional Chinese medicine is the sum of all activity effectivesubstances, which can play pharmacodynamics to a disease. The combination of themulti-flavor drugs constitutes a multi-target effect and synergies of traditional Chinesemedicine[6]. With regard to Tian-Shu extracts, previous literature pay more attention to theheadache treatment. This subject intends to preliminarily observe the protective effect ofTian-Shu to acute cerebral ischemia injury in rats, and to further explore the molecular mechanism, in order to provide objective and theoretical basis to expand the clinicalapplication.MethodsIn the subject, to test the neuroprotective effects of the Chinese medicine Tian-Shu onacute cerebral ischemia in rats and to explore the underling mechanisms, adult maleSprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as experimental animals. Male SD rats wererandomly divided into5groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), and I/R plus0.3g/kg/dTian-Shu (TS0.3),0.6g/kg/d Tian-Shu (TS0.6)、1.2g/kg/d Tian-Shu (TS1.2). Rats wereintragastrically administered the appropriate doses of Chinese medicine Tian-Shu orPhysiological Saline each day for7days before ischemia induction，and administration wascontinued until sacrifice at conclusion of the experiment.. The cerebral ischemia wasinduced by90min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), which was based on themethod described initially by Zea-Longa[15]with improvement. At24hours after themodels were made, we observe the general state of spirit and behavior, survival rate.Cerebral infarct area was measured by TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) stainingat24h after reperfusion, and neurological functional deficits were assessed by usingmodified Neurological Severity Scores (mNSS) test at1d,3d,7d and14d after reperfusion.Cell injury was detected by HE, NISSL staining at24h after reperfusion, apoptotic cellswere determined by TUNEL assay at1d after reperfusion. After collecting blood throughthe ventricular, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were adopted to detect theconcentration of CK-BB. After separating the brain tissues, the activation of caspase3andthe expression of Bax and Bcl-2levels were analyzed by western blot at24h afterreperfusion.ResultsTS (0.6-1.2g/kg/d) preconditioning group were more vigorous and more interested infood and water.Animals subjected to sham surgery showed no neurobehavioral functionaldeficit. TS (0.6-1.2g/kg/d) preconditioning group showed better neurological functionalrecovery at14d when compared with MCAO alone animals. The water content of thegroup was markedly lower than the MCAO groups. The level of CK-BB is outstandingreduced in the group. TS (0.6-1.2g/kg/d) preconditioning group distinguished reducedcerebral infarct area, attenuated neurological functional deficits, relieved cell injury and reduced cell apoptosis induced by MCAO in the border zone of ischemic cortex. WesternBlot showed that TS suppressed overexpression of Bax and activation of caspase-3. TSalso inhibited the reduction of Bcl-2expression and significantly depressed the Bax/Bcl-2ratio.ConclusionsIn the current study, theses findings demonstrated that TS decreases injury of nervecell, reduces infarct volume, and improves functional recovery after transient cerebralischemia. Mechanisms may be via reduction of neuronal apoptosis associated withsuppression of over activation of caspases-3，modulation of expression levels of Bax andBcl-2. |
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