| BACKGROUNDMeasles is an infectious disease that severely affect human’s health, and the incidence rate and morality rate is respectively on the top of children’s infectious disease. During1950-1965in China, before the use of vaccine, the reported incidence rate of measles fluctuated between158/100,000-1432/100,000, with an average rate of766/100,000. From1965on with the use of measles vaccine, especially in1978with the carrying out of the planned immunization, the incidence rate of measles had been effectively controlled. After the immunization program in2001, the average incidence rate from2001to2004was5/100,000, and the prevention and control of measles was effective.Affected by many factors, the number of measles increased these years. In2005, the number of reported measles cases was123136, and the number of deaths caused by the measles is55. In2008, the reported cases were131441, and the incidence rate was9.95/100,000which was the highest in recent years. Measles epidemic in Shandong province is also not optimistic in recent years. In2008,9441confirmed measles cases were reported by the Shandong province’s network of epidemic straight reporting system, the ineidence rate was10.08/100,000, and the year2008has the highest rate in nearly20years.From2005on, the measles incidence rate is increasing in Liaocheng city. The incidence rates respective of2008and2010was13.30/100,000,9.31/100,000, which was all higher than the average incidence0.86/100,000from2001to2004.The incidence rate of2010was the highest in Shandong province. As a result, it is hard to control the incidence of measles, and it has been one of the difficult tasks of the immunization program.To ensure the health of people, in2006the health ministry enacted the "2006-2012national plan of eliminating measles action ". The plan puts out the target of eliminating the spread of local measles, and gives out the strategy that mainly includes improving the normal measles vaccination rate and monitoring cases of measles. Therefore, in order to accelerate the eliminating process, to ensure that our city accomplish the target, and to improve people’s health level, we carried out the research of analyzing epidemic characteristics, the immunization level of healthy people, and the reason of measles increase. The research discusses, evaluates and improves the measures of preventing and controlling measles, and provides scientific basis for the government.Part One:The epidemiologic features of measles in Liaocheng city from1963to2010.Objectives The objective of the study is to learn about the epidemic characteristics of the measles in Liaocheng city from1963to2010, providing the basic information for studying the measles immunity situation, and prevention and control of measles.Methods Collect the materials of the measles in Liaocheng city from1963to2010, the immunization materials from1973to2010, and the population data from1985to2010. Excel2007was used to type in the data and draw the pictures and forms. Excel2007, SPSS18.0and Maplnfo Pro7.0were used to analyze the data. Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the general situations.χsquare test was used to analyze the difference of different areas, ages and sexes. Build multiple regression model by Logistic regression.Results1. The popular trend of measles from1963to2010:measles cases were reported201104cases and429deaths, the average incidence and mortality rates were respectively88.27/100,000,0.19/100,000; the incidence rates and mortality rates were respectively908.95/100,000,3.36/100,000before1973. Since using the MV after1973, the incidence rates kept decreasing from300/100,000down to2/100,000. After implementing the planned immunization in1978, the incidence rates continued to go down to100/100,000, deaths was rare. After the immunization program in2000, the incidence rate declined to15/100,000which was the lowest record. Measles outbreak rebound in2008, the incidence rate was13.30/100,000which was the highest level in recent20years.2.4443diagnosed cases were reported from1985to2010, the most of which were infants and children under5years; the incidence rate of0～and15～years old age groups were rising, that of the1～4,5～9and10～years old age groups were dropping. The scattered children were more than60%, and the workers and peasants appeared a rising trend from2005on; the incidence of male is higher than that of female.Conclusions Measles disease substantially dropped to the lowest level in history in Liaocheng from1963to2010. The work of measles prevention and control achieved remarkable results. Measles appeared obvious rebounding trend since2005. There was a significant increase of the "polarization" trend of small age group and adult group.Part two:Study of the immunization level of general groups in Liaocheng city.Objectives The goal of the study is to learn about the serum antibody level of population in Liaocheng city, and to observe the correlations between the serum anti-body level and the incidence rate, so as to develop the immune prevention and control aiming the high risk population.Methods Apply serological survey to test measles IgG antibody of general group. Age groups of under2,2～,5～,8～,11～,15～,20～, and above40were sampled in Dongchangfu, Chiping, Yanggu, and Guanxian. The sample size is400. The sampling method was stratified cluster sampling method. Serum sample IgG antibody was tested by ELIsA test (ELIsA). Excel2007was used to type in the data, and SPSS18.0was applied to analyze the data.Results1. There are a total of387cases, in which379cases are positive. The measles antibody positive rate of the population is97.93%. Serum antibodies for measles IgG GMT is1651.98, SD is3.09.2. The positive rate of antibody of measles IgG and GMT in<2and15-39age groups was lower than that of other age groups.3. The positive rate of antibody of measles IgG and GMT in2010is higher than that of2006.Conclusions The level of measles antibody was much higher in present healthy people in Liaochenge city. The positive rate of antibody of measles IgG and GMT in<2and15-39age groups was lower than that of other age groups, which should be strengthened of the protection. Make immunization programs for feasible population, in order to improve the level of protective antibody. |
PDF Full Text Request