The Expression Of Wnt5a、β-catenin And E-cadhrein In Breast Cancer

Bacground and objectiveBreast cancer is one of fast growth of malignant tumors in the recent years, which there is serious threat to women’s physical and mental health. The survey showed, the mortality rate in China’s cities was increased to38.91%in recent years. The study of the pathogenesis of breast cancer demonstrates that its occurrence is a long-term, multi-factor and multi-gene mutations, therefore, its detailed mechanism is not clear. Studies have shown that the abnormal expression of metastatic growth factors, cytokines, and hormones and other biologically active substances involved in breast cells to become cancerous, especially they mediated signal transduction pathways had anomalous then, it will cause excessive amplification of certain genes, causing normal cell proliferation abnormally, differentiation and eventually become cancerous. Wnt signaling pathway is involved in the body’s growth and development, signal transduction, cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and many other physiological processes, but the changes of the protein molecules involved in the signaling pathway can lead to liver cancer, stomach cancer, etc.Wnt signaling pathway is including the classical pathway and the non-classical pathway. The classical pathway is mainly based on (3-catenin/E-cadherin complex signaling process, and mainly involved in the body’s normal growth and development, cell proliferation.Generally, the signaling process is inactive. It was associated with many kinds of tumors, histological grade, metastasis, when non-normal activation of the signaling pathway or abnormal expression of β-catenin and E-cadherin, such as liver cancer, stomach cancer, oral squamous carcinoma. The non-classical pathway includes the Wnt/PCP pathway and Wnt/Ca2+pathway, a major role in embryonic development stage regulation of cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell polarity, and participate in the formation of the gastrula. Wnt5a activation of non-classical signaling pathway can inhibit the activation of the classical pathway. There is wnt5a abnormal expression in liver cancer and gastric cancer. So the researched to abnormal changes of non-classical pathway could clarify the relationship between the classical pathway and the non-classical pathway, and how to inhibit the classical pathway, which could provide treatment to cancer.To explore the expressing situation of Wnt5a,β-catenin and E-cadherin in breast cancer tissue, and their correlated with the breast cancer clinical pathological parameters, we detected Wnt5a, β-catenin and E-cadherin in breast cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry (SP method), and explored their correlation with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and clinical grading correlation, which provided a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.Materials and methods50cases of female breast cancer patients and24cases from the tumor5cm corresponding paraneoplastic normal breast tissue were from the First Affiliated Hospital of Shangqiu Medical College surgical resection and confirmed by histopathology specimens in May2011to August2012. Age32to76years, median age58years±2.4years, all of them were not accept preoperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. All samples were4%formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded,4μm thick serial sections, used to prepare confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.The expression of Wnt5a, β-catenin and E-cadherin in breast cancer tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry (SP).Combined with clinical stage, histologic classification, lymph node metastasis and correlation of the clinical and pathological parameters to conduct a study. SPSS13.0statistical package for statistical analysis. The groups were compared using χ2test, P＜0.05difference was statistically significant, test level a=0.05.Results1Normal breast tissue within the cytoplasm Wnt5a positive expression rate was75.00%(18/24), and organizes the positive expression rate of breast cancer was26.00%(13/50), compared the difference has statistical significance (P＜0.01);2. β-catenin in normal breast tissue positive rate was14.29%(3/24), in breast cancer tissues was66.00%(33/50) positive rate rise, compared the difference has statistical significance (P＜0.01);3E-cadherin in normal breast tissues and breast cancer tissues expression positive rate was8.33%(2/24),58.00%(29/50), compared the difference has statistical significance (P＜0.01);4In breast cancer tissues, positive expression rate of Wnt5a and histologic classification its positive expression decrease with age, and no significant correlation (P＞0.05), and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05), and TNM staging (P＜0.01), statistically significant;5In breast cancer tissues, the histologic classification statistical analysis of the abnormal expression and age, and no significant correlation (P＞0.05), and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.01), and TNM staging (P＜0.05), statistically significant;6In breast cancer tissues, E-cadherin lower expression and age, no significant correlation (P＞0.05), and the relativity of histological grade, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P＜0.05);7In breast cancer tissues, with a decrease in positive expression of Wnt5a and β-catenin ectopic expression/lack of expression (P＜0.01), and the expression of E-cadherin lowered (P＜0.01); β-catenin ectopic expression/lack of expression and the expression of E-cadherin than no statistical difference between groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionWnt5a, β-catenin and E-cadherin involved in breast cancer occurrence, development process, and may be associated with the invasion, metastasis and prognosis of breast cancer. The three correlation, it may be in the process play a mutual synergy.