Central Intelligence Agency And The Cuban Missile Crisis In 1962

The 1962 Cuban missile crisis after the Second World War had made asignificant influence in the history of the world. In this crisis, the U.S. and the Sovietare in nuclear standoff situation, it almost put human beings into the third world war,which became a limit in the process of the cold war. And as the major intelligenceadviser in decision-making of the United States, the Central Intelligence Agency wasinvolved consciously or unconsciously, and played a very important role in this crisis.Therefore, it is very important to make a research this crisis from the angle of thecentral intelligence agency. In this paper, I attempt to take the CIA as a breakthrough,making o full explanation about the relationships between the central intelligenceagency and the Cuban missile crisis in 1962.This paper can be divided into three parts.The first part introduces the background of the 1962 Cuban missile crisis fromthe aspect of the central intelligence agency. After the Second World War, in thebipolar structure, the deterioration in U.S.-Cuban relation inevitably improvedSoviet-Cuban relation, which in turn forced U.S. to take further hostile measures.Cuba revolution to overthrow Batista dictatorship and embark on an independentnational road, this will lead the United States enormous attention. Because of FidelCastro regime could not reach the requirements of the United States, the relationshipin U.S.-Cuban deteriorated inevitably. As the diplomatic tool of the USA, the CIAmade and implemented a series of operations in order to overthrow the Castro regime,including the Operation Pluto, and gradually developed into an amphibious invasionplan. The CIA also participated in the Mongoose Operation, which was mainlyresponsible for the intelligence gathering and the damage of the action against Castroregime. The article points out that, the hostility against Cuba did not fulfill the goal ofthe United States, on the contrary, the relationship in U.S.-Cuban deteriorated, thedeterioration in U.S.-Cuban relation inevitably improved Soviet-Cuban relation. To acertain extent, no matter what the intention it is, it does become the outbreak of the crisis, the operations served as a catalyst for the Cuban missile crisis. In addition, thearticle also analyzes the role of the Allen. Dulles in this Crisis.The second part of this paper discusses mainly the relationship between theresolution of the 1962 Cuban missile crisis and the CIA. This part mainly analyzes theintelligence gathering and analysis before the crisis, during the crisis, and after the endof the crisis. This article argues that, the CIA had found some unusual changesthrough the implementation process of the Mongoose Operation, and promptlyreported to the U.S. government. The CIA gathered and analyzed intelligence throughdifferent ways, and discovered the missile deployment timely in Cuban, whichprovided powerful intelligence basis for decision-making. And it also lays theintelligence base for a peaceful solution to the crisis. In addition, the article alsoanalyzes the role of the John. McCone in this crisis.The third part mainly talked about the role which the CIA played in the U.S.decision-making to the 1962 Cuban missile crisis. The article mainly analyzed fromthe intelligence collection and analysis, the secret operation, and the director ofcentral intelligence agency. The article thought that intelligence collection andanalysis for the United States provided the basis for decision-making information,whether it accurate or not, it did have a great impact on foreign policy. The secretoperation is a double-edged sword, a successful action can reach the goal the U.S.wanted, but one failed secret action will also affect U.S. foreign image and theestablishment of the foreign policy seriously. In addition, the director of the centralintelligence agency also plays a major role in foreign policy of the United States.Finally, through the research the relationship between the CIA and the 1962 Cubanmissile crisis, we can draw some helpful things for our country, especially for ourIntelligence Services.