The Study On The System Of Emperors’ Mausoleums In Liao Dynasty

The system of emperors’mausoleums was one of the most important systems in themonarchy era, and it played an important role in reflecting the emperors’authority. Liao dynastywas a regime that established by khitan nationality, and the system was introduced at thebeginning of Dynasty. As the consistent improvement, the system was finally mature. Thedissertation mainly discusses sections consisting of the system of emperors’mausoleums in LiaoDynasty at the basis of scholarships, and then it gets the national characteristics existing in thesystem of emperors’mausoleums in Liao Dynasty.The introduction summarizes the object and significance, scholarly achievements, ideas andmethods of the study of emperors’mausoleums, which could provide the direction of the study.The text is consisted of three chapters referring to the distribution, building, management andthe role of emperors’mausoleums.First chapter summarizes the characteristics of distribution of emperors’mausoleums at thebasis of classifying to the mausoleums. The mausoleums could be divided into mausoleums ofemperors who managed the country really and mausoleums of emperors who were called afterthey dead. There were eleven mausoleums, and they lie in the areas of De（德）, Zu（祖）, Huai（怀）, Xian（显）, Qian（乾）, Qing（庆）.Affected by the factors of politics, geomantic omen,custom of admiring the sun, they lay from northeast to southwest.Second chapter discusses a plenty of questions about how to build the mausoleums. Theofficial called Shanlingshi（山陵使）appeared at the middle period of Liao Dynasty. The workerswho built mausoleums had various sources, and their expenses rely to the finance. The time thatshould be spent was affected mainly by the factors of politics and the deadline about seven months.There are a large amount of buildings that were perfect in the area of mausoleums, and somenational characteristics existed in the buildings.Third chapter studies the institutions for management and role of the mausoleums. The LiaoDynasty set up the system of Fenglingyi（奉陵邑）that was used for the management to themausoleums. There were five Fengliyi named Zu, Huai, Xian, Qian, Qing. The five Fenglingyihad high status, and their officials overlapped with the officials of mausoleums in the rights and duties. Because Fenglingyi were the prefectures belonging to the emperors, the officials were inthe charge of royal institutions. The emperors’mausoleums in Liao Dynasty played importantroles in the history of Liao Dynasty, especially in the aspects of politics, rite, economics, military.The section of conclusion summarizes the status of emperors’mausoleums in Liao Dynastyand characteristics that reflected in the process that Liao Dynasty learned and used the advancedsystems from central plains regimes.