Research On Temporal And Spatial Distribution Of Flood And Drought About Hubei Province In The Qing Dynasty

Hubei province is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river that is one of natural disaster-prone provinces in China, in particular, drought and flood disasters are the most serious, flood and drought disasters caused direct economic losses much more than other natural disasters. In Hubei province, flood and drought disasters had become an obstacle to the fast development of social economy and stability of social economy. Therefore, from the perspective of historical geography, this article focuses on the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of flood and drought disasters, try to find out the evolution regularity of flood and drought disasters, as possible as to achieve taking history as a mirror.The first part is the introduction. This part describes the background, significance, status from domestic and abroad, targets and contents of research, methods of research, in addition, the definition of time and region and the definition of related concepts, the evolution of administrative regionalization of Hubei province.The second part introduces the basic situation of the flood and drought disasters. Firstly, according to analysis the occurrence time, frequency, influence degree obtain that flood and drought disasters are the most frequent and its impact are biggest in various types of natural disasters in Hubei province. Secondly, I collect and handle the data of flood and drought disasters of Hubei province about Qing Dynasty. And according to the time sequence set up statistical charts about time, place, the suffering condition, source of flood and drought disasters. Lastly, according to the number of affected counties obtain the seventh-class divisional method of the flood and drought disasters of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty.The third part introduces temporal distribution characteristics of flood and drought disasters of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty. Firstly, use century and ten years for as a time to study the characteristics of inter-annual distribution of flood and drought disasters, and analyzed the characteristics of successive years. Secondly, use season, month for as a unit to study the characteristics of annual distribution of the flood and drought disasters. At the same time, use trend coefficient and tendency rate, anomaly variations in order to get temporal distribution and changing trend of flood and drought disasters. Lastly, use interval ten years for as the time segment to obtain periodic law of flood and drought disasters.The forth part introduces spatial distribution characteristics of flood and drought disasters of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty. Firstly, according to the statistical data of years, frequency and types and so on to generally study the spatial differences of flood and drought disasters between the State and prefecture of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty. Secondly, according to the statistical data of years, frequency and types and so on to specifically study the spatial differences of flood and drought disasters between the State and County of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty.The fifth part introduces the influence of flood and drought disasters of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty. This part mainly conducted a study on exemplification form the natural, social, economic three levels about the influence of flood and drought disasters of Hubei province in Qing Dynasty.The sixth part is the concluding remarks. This part is the summary which tells the main content and the deficiency of the thesis.