The Research On Tang Military Officials In Three Fanzhens Of Heibei

With An Shi Rebellion, Tang history could be divided into two periods——early and later periods. The typical characteristics of later period were that many military governors and those governors held each other for the power balance so that imperial household Li-Tang could continue their rules for more than a hundred years. The properties of Fanzhen military governors in later period were the strong power of Heshuo military governor, protection and suppression of centre imperial government, defending borderland in frontier, and financial resources in the southeast. Especially, Hebei military governors, who controlled three Fanzhen in Heshuo--Lulong, Chengde, and Weibo, confronted the Tang orders intensely and became the independent military governors.Three Fanzhen in Hebei was the typical Fanzhen military governor in Tang. The special geography cultures made it to be an independent political unit, and its governing pattern were quite different from centre government. Comparing to the Wenzhi in centre government, Hebei military governor emphasized to Wuzhi and then had many military cultures. However, literature just recorded the literature officials so that the research on military officials was weak. Fortunately, Muzhi unearthed in archeology contained the abundant information of military officials, which offered the good materials for the research. With the military officials recorded in Muzhi, this paper discussed their family backgrounds, official positions and financial resources, and found that military officials in Fanzhen had the common interests and received the same culture affection. This paper also tried to point out their function for Chinese history stepping into modern times from medieval period.The whole paper contained the preface and five parts of discussion.Preface:this part summarized the position and affection of Hebei Fanzhen in Tang later period and in Chinese history. It summarized the research situations of Fanzhen military officials in Tang and the shortness of these researches. It also pointed out the research range of this paper.First Chapter, according to the records of the Muzhi, this chapter summarized the family background of the Fanzhen military officials, and discussed the appointment problems of those military officials.Second Chapter, according to the "Guan" and "Zhi" of military officials in Muzhi, this chapter described the problems of military officials’positions in Fanzhen and their pluralistic positions in Tang government. This chapter also discussed the promotion of "Guan" and "Zhi" of military officials and the congruent relationship of their ranks.Third Chapter, according to the records in Muzhi and literature, this chapter discussed the financial resources of Fanzhen military officials.Fourth Chapter, this chapter summarized the discussions of last three chapters. With the present research and Muzhi records, this chapter pointed out that the military community was formed in Hebei Fanzhen, and also generalized its relationship to Tang government.Remaining discussion, this part discussed the culture features of military community——Huhua. It pointed out the position and function of those culture features in historical division.