Guangdong National Government Party Rule System Running Preliminary Exporation

The reorganization of Chinese nationalist party (Kuomintang for short------as follows), is not only a major event on the history of Kuomintang, but also producing the change of a turning point on the political development of modern China. This reshuffle, covering the party constitution, institutional setting, organization construction, according to the Russian political party Lenin mode thoroughly, established a set of political party leading army system from the central to local government, therefore, it opened up a new path of "governing the country by the political parties" and a mode of party practice", which thoroughly changed the western way of the parliamentary politics and parties during the early Republic of China. Although having expanded the political model of "governing the country by the political parties" with the development of the whole country unity after the Northern Expedition, the Nanjing national government, its governing way originated from Guangzhou National Government during the Great Revolution period.Established in July1925, Guangzhou National Government only control Kuang Dong, however, it opened up a new era for rule by party in the history of Chinese political system. On that account this paper will examine the focus of the Kuomintang party headquarters in three aspects:Relationship between party and government Party-military relations and Party-mass relationship. Exploring the party governance mode in the republic of China political transformation of state of the operation.From the beginning of the founding of the Republic of China, the relationship between the Party and government, Nanjing Provisional Government under the tutelage of American and French, established a separation of powers, checks and balanced systems. And then the Northern Government generally inherited republican institutions established by the Nanjing Provisional Government. Although Sun Yat-sen had trial-and-error experiments, he decided to imitate the Soviet Union in order to recreate the Republic of China and establish the rule by a political party. The relationships between the party and government consequently changed. According to European-and-American-style parliamentary elections, competitions among political parties shifted into the elections within the KMT Party and the rules were dominated by the Kuomintang. In the process of party-politic, with the help of Soviet Union, KMT established the Central Executive Committee Executive Committee, the Political Committee and other party governance authorities at the central level. Committee system was established on the principles of organization and carried out the system of collective leadership and directed party rule on the National Government. At the local level relying on the provincial, city and county executive committee agencies party rule, indirect ruled-party syetm of adjusting the relationship between the Party and government had been built preliminarily. During the period of Guangzhou National Government, the affairs of the party governance mechanisms established initially.For party-military relationships, the traditional civil-military relations in China stressing on civilization running force, the Emperor is the master of dispatching command of military. After the founding of the Republic of China, although the army belonged to the country nominally, the private army had not been changed. Maybe it is the root which China had internal disorders during the period of the Northern Warlords. In the process of struggle, Sun Yat-sen and the Kuomintang began to realize the drawbacks of the warlords and seek the concept of the Soviet Union which the party dominated the army. The Whampoa Military Academy was founded, political education was strengthened. A model of party leader and the establishment of party-military were formed. To encourage soldiers to join the party, the direct leadership of the party was strengthened. The old army was named as the National Revolutionary Army. Initially the politicalwork system was set up.Politicization and revolutionizing of the solidiers broke up the tradition of military non-interference and the integration of the party and the politics. But the army of the KMT to reform the party was not completed, so that the private of army was rebuilt.For ties between the parties, traditional Chinese society is a dual social structure. The upper classes of society and the underlying society are relatively not familiar. The country controls over the local power only to reach the county-level government. After the establishment of the modern stated system, the kind of structure did not fundamentally change. After the division of Russia, Sun Yat-sen and the Kuomintang, KMT began to penetrate the underclass in the following:actively recruiting new party members, setting up the party organizations, through the control of farmers’associations’dipacthing correspondent, downloading seminar, and mobilizing farmers to participate in the revolution. Through the propaganda of the revolutionary discourse and institutional control, the workers’movements were leaded. By the Manufactures Assocaition of China, merchants were united. Trying to complete the National Revolution, the underlying revolutions were launched. This mobilization system of the KMT, a new kind of ties between the party systems had been created.During the period of Guangzhou National Government, KMT pursued "the party creates the country". In the Guangdong region of the revolutionary wave of agitation, according to establishment of the party and construction of mainstream ideology under the party governance system, a series of attempts had been carried out.This attempt not only promoted the launching of the National Revolutionary but also laid a system prototype for the Nanjing National Government party which was established after the successful Northern Expedition. Because of the KMT’s exploration in the period of the new system created, adding to the party in the "United Russia Yung not consistent", many differences and contradictions created on the issue were appeared. With the KMT-CPC’s final break-up, although KMT got rid of the control of the Russian people, following the examples of the Russians of "party rule"regime were retrained and continued. Due to the KMT and the CPC were different on the tissue composition and ideology, during the period of Guangzhou some of implementations of the "party government" measures "abandoning Russia and suppressing CPC" after discarding, But some of the fundamental system of the period of the Guangzhou Party establishment had been retained which became the basic elements of the new regime of the Kuomintang and the Political Tutelage.