| Borderland history and geography studies as an important part of Chinese traditional historical study has been long concerned with the researchers. Since modern times, it has experienced two research climaxes, and awakened the people pay more attention to the frontier areas. From the1980s, the academic circles has lifted a new round of upsurge, and still will be unfolding. Guangxi located between Southern and southwest in China, is not only the important gateway for ASEAN and frontier area, but also the most convenient passageway that face to the sea in the southwestern region. Thus it has an important strategic position in promoting the development among coordinated regions, deepening the cooperation with ASEAN and safeguarding the national security stability. Historical speaking, Guangxi had made a significant contribution in order to guarding the portal of the southwest of our country. Besides, the people who lived in this land had accumulated valuable experiences in practice. By all of these, it leads to promote the local development in society and economy.This paper refers to "development", meaning discusses the construction and management about the political, economic and cultural education. During the later Qing Dynasty, especially after the Sino-French War, facing to the complicated and fiercely environmental changes around the domestic and international, the Guangxi officials like Ma Pi-yao(马丕瑶),Zhang Ming-qi(张鸣岐),Su Yuan-chun(苏元春)proposed a variety of ideas in order to develop the Guangxi. To some extent, these ideas were put into practice and obtained a few results. Although many people have talked about these activities, there are still lack a exposition (comprehensive and detailed) and analysis (multi-level perspectives and theoretical) about the development thought and policy practice. In view of this, the article makes the time (from1885to1911, nearly thirty years) as the study period and brings Guangxi into the research carrier and horizon. In the research, we try to sort out kinds of thoughts and policies, and argue the specific historical practice. At the same time, we will also try to summary and evaluate them through talking the synchronic and diachronic comprehensive. At last, we hope this essay can provide historical and practical references for the development of regional economy and the construction of a harmonious society from the current to the future.In our opinion, after the Sino-French War, the necessary of national defense makes people who no matter the Qing government or the local government of Guangxi officers pay more attention to the frontier and aware the importance geographical position of Guangxi. Therefore, they have put forward some suggestions such as migration to the frontier, building the railways, initiating the education and so on, mainly about agriculture, mining, transportation and cultural education. In spite of the original intention is "solid borderland", these still objectively make contribution to local social and economic development for Guangxi. Of course, we should see the fact at the same time that these measures can’t be fully realized the purpose—"solid borderland"—because of the environment influence, but be eased to some extent. In addition, the leadership, the correct guiding ideology and actual measures are also indispensable conditions. In short, in order to promote and improve the development of economic and social, it is necessary that make correctly and effectively policies and measures should from the local actual conditions. Finally, although these activities during the late Qing Dynasty did not fully achieve purposes, some successful experiences that provide us some beneficial suggestions and inspiration for regional development are still worth to summary. |
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